DAM SAFETY INSTRUMENTATION IN HYDRO

CRACK & JOINT METERS

JOINT METER

Application Jointmeter is designed for use across construction joint such as those between adjacent blocks in a concrete dam. It is normally embedded across the joint to monitor the expansion or contraction of the joint. The use of internal universal joint allows for a degree of shearing motion.

(A )JOINT METER

( B ) STRAND METER

STRAND METER

APPLICATION :Strandmeter is designed to measure strains in tendons and steel cable. Two clamps at each end of the strandmeter hold it firmly on to the cable . Various size clamps are available

CRACK & JOINT METER

APPLICATION:Crackmeter is intended to measure movement across surface crack and joints. It is installed by grouting ,or bonding two threaded anchors (with ball joint) on opposite sides of the crack and than attaching the ends of the gage to the anchors.

(C ) CRACK &JOINT METER

MINIATURE CRACK METER

APPLICATION:Miniature crackmeter intended to measure displacements across surface crack and joints. It has been specially designed for applications where access is limited where monitoring instrumentation is to be as unobtrusive as possible.

(D ) MINIATURE CRACK METER

CONVERGENCE METER

APPLICATION:CONVERGENCE METER IS USED TO MONITOR CLSURES IN UNDERGROUND EXCAVATION , TUNNELS , ETC. IT IS COMPRISED OF A SPRING TENSIONED TRANSDUCER, TURNBUCKLE, CONNECTING ROD ( STAINLESS STEEL,FIBERGLASS OR GRAPHITE) ROD CLAMP, AND A PAIR OF STAINLESS STEEL EYE BOLTS. TRANSDUCER LENGTH:- 360 TO 1260 MM

(E ) CONVERGENCE METER

LONG RANG DISPLACEMENT METER

APPLICATION:Is ideally suited for the measurement of large displacements associated with landslides. Can also be used for monitoring the movement of boulder, snow etc, on unstable slopes.

(F) LONG RANG DISPLACEMENT METER

SOIL STRAINMETER WITH FLANGED ENDS

APPLICATION:Is designed to measure longitudinal deformation in dam and embankments. It can also be grouted or held in place by hydraulic anchors to measure deformations in boreholes ( over the gage length ). Gage length from 0.5 to 100 meters .

(G) SOIL STRAINMETER WITH FLANGED ENDS

DISPLACEMENT TRANSDUCER

APPLICATION:Is provides remote readout capabilityfor borehole extensometers. They are particularly useful where other types of vibrating wire sensors are used and / or for installations where long runs are required. Can also be installed between conjunction with the requisite length connecting rod, to provide a permanent, in place incremental extensometer.

(H ) DISPLACEMENT TRANSDUCER

EXTENSOMETERS

Flexible rod extensometer

Application:Flexible extensometer uses continuousspecified lengths of fiberglass rods (in side protective tubing), cut to a requirement. The extensometer is lightweight, making it easier to handle for installation . Maximum length :- 100 meters.

(A) FLEXIBLE ROD EXTENSOMETER

RETRIEVABLE EXTENSOMETER

APPLICATION:Is desingned to measure deformations in boreholes in rock, concrete, and other construction materials. The can be used in pile load test studies, plate jacking tests and virtually any application where a hole can be drilled or a pipe can be cast in to the structure being studied.

(B) RETRIEVABLE EXTENSOMETER

DIFFERENT TYPE OF ANCHORS

APPLICATION:A) Borros type hydraulic anchor:- For use in soft soils and clays, especially in augered boreholes. B) Groutable anchor:- The preferred anchor for use in downward-directed boreholes. The preassembled extensometer is installed in the borehole and is then filled with cement grout.

Cont.

C) Hydraulic anchor:- For use in rough boreholes in rock and soft ground,especially if dilations and contractions of the borehole are anticipated . D) Snap-ring anchor :- For use in hard or competent rock where smooth uniform boreholes can be drilled. The simplicity of the design allows for quick and easy installation.

(C) DIFFERENT TYPES OF ANCHORS

HEAVE/SETTLEMENT POINTS

APPLICATION:Is to measure vertical movements in foundation soils during and subsequent to construction. The heave/settlement point consists of a three prong anchor, inch standard inner pipe, and a 1inch standard outer pipe.

(D) HEAVE/SETTLEMENT POINTS

TYPES OF MEASUREMENTS

A) Digital depth micrometer:- Readout of borehole extensometers is made on a digital counter after manual adjustment of the thimble. B) Dail indicator :- Used for quick and easy readout of borehole extensometers. Accuracy is 0.01 mm, standard range is 50 mm.

Cont.

C) Linear potentiometer:- Utilizes a sturdy 6.5 mm diameter rod which protrudes from both ends as the actuating shaft.This also use for mechanical check on the readings. D) VW Displacement Transducer:- Is provides remote readout for extensometers.They are particularly useful where other types of VW sensors are used and where long cable runs are required.

(E) TYPES OF MEASUREMENTS

TAPE EXTENSOMETER

APPLICATION:Is designed to measure small changes in the distance between opposite walls or between the roof and floor of excavations, tunnels, or mine openings. It can also used to monitor deformation in structures and supports and to measure movements of unstable slopes.

Readout is provided electronically via a front panel LCD.

(F) TAPE EXTENSOMETER

MAGNETIC EXTENSOMETER

APPLICATION:Is designed to measure settlement or heave of soft ground under the influence of loading or unloading due to the construction of embankments ,fills, buildings, foundations, and structures. A probe is lowered inside a telescoping guide tube to detect and measure the position of magnetic anchors located around the guide tube at various depths along the borehole or with in the fill.

(G) MAGNETIC EXTENSOMETER

INCLINOMETERS

INCLINOMETER PROBE

APPLICATION:Is used in conjunction with inclinometer casing for the measurement of lateral earth movements which might occur in unstable slopes, land slides, dam and roadway embankments, and landfills. They are also used to measure deflections in the walls of excavation, shafts, tunnels, and in caissons , piles and sheet piling. The probe consists of a waterproof stainless steel housing containing two force-balanced servo-accelerometers with an output of five volts at 30 degree.

INCLINOMETER PROBE

SPIRAL INDICATOR

APPLICATION:Is uses a flex-gate magnetometer to measure any spiraling of inclinometer casing. The 6005 is lowered into the casing on the end of standard inclinometer cable connected to the GK603 inclinometer readout box. The instrument provides a direct reading of the casing grooves at any point along the casing.

(A) SPIRAL INDICATOR

HORIZONTAL INCLINOMETER

APPLICATION:Horizontal inclinometer is measures differential settlement along the length of the casing. Standard range ;- + - 53 DEGREE. Casing size I.D 61 TO 89 MM. Temperature range :- 0 degree to + 50 degree.

(B) HORIZONTAL INCLINOMETER PROBE

INCLINOMETER DATA

BOREHOLE PRESSURE CELLS MEASUREMENTS

BOREHOLE PRESSURE CELL

APPLICATION:Is used to measure rock stress changes and is designed to the grouted inside a borehole. The BPC is manufactured from two steel plates weled together around their periphery.

The plates are deformed into a dog bone configuration so that they can be expanded easily without damage to the welds.

Cont.

Hydraulic oil fills the space between the two plates and high-pressure stainless steel tube connects the plates to a stainless steel pressure gage and/ or a pressure transducer. Size of borehole:- 57mm.

A. BOREHOLE PRESSURE CELL

VIBRATING WIRE BOREHOLE STRESSMETERS

APPLICATION:Are designed to measure stress changes in rock and can be installed in boreholes up to 100 feet deep. The stressmeter consists of a high strength steel proving ring wedged tightly across one diameter inside a borehole and a vibrating wire tensioned across the other diameter inside the stressmeter.

Cont.

Changes in rock stress cause a related change in the resonant frequency of vibration of the tensioned wire providing output which is read by the readout box.

B. VIBRATING WIRE BOREHOLE STRESSMETER

VIBRATING WIRE BIAXIAL STRESSMETER

APPLICATION:Is designed to measure compressive stress changes in rock, salt, concrete or ice.

Three or six vibrating wire sensors oriented at 60 degree internals allow the principal stress changes to be measured in the plane perpendicular to the stressmeter axis. The stressmeter consists of a high strength steel cylinder which is grouted in to a BX 60mm size borehole.

C. VIBRATING WIRE BIAXIAL STRESSMETER

VIBRATING WIRE SISC BOREHOLE STRESSMETER

APPLICATION:The SISC is pre-loaded by wedging it into a large size diamond drill hole using an integral screw mechanism or hydraulic piston and can be set to measure both tensile and/ or compression stress changes. It has been used successfully in 152 mm diameter overcoring holes to measure Aggregate/Alkali Reactions in concrete dams.

C. VIBRATING WIRE SISC BOREHOLE STRESSMETER

CONCRETE STRESSMETER

APPLICATION:The vibrating wire load cell measures the load imposed on the inner concrete cylinder by stresses in the surrounding concrete. This load , when divided by the cross sectional area of the inner cylinder, gives the stress in the surrounding concrete.

D. CONCRETE STRESSMETER

BOREHOLE DEFORMATION GAGE

APPLICATION:Used to measure in situ rock stresses using the overcoring technique in rock that is competent and elastic. It is also useful for determining the inherent stability of pit slopes, foundation excavations, mine pillars and abutments.

E. BOREHOLE DEFORMATION GAGE

SETTLEMENT SYSTEM

SETTLEMENT SYSTEM

APPLICATION:Is designed for the remote measurement of surface or subsurface settlement in fills, surchanges, dams, embankments, etc. A borehole is drilled which allows a pressure transducer to be anchored to solid ground below the area of settlement.

A fluid filled tube extends upward connecting the transducer to a reservoir which is located in the moving strata or fill.

Cont.

The measurement of fluid press indicates the elevation difference between the sensor and the reservoir. This design eliminates the need for long liquid filled tubes. Standard Ranges :- 7,17,35 meters. Temperature Ranges :- _20 degree to + 80 degree. Length diameter :- 305 60 mm (reservoir), 191 35 mm (sensor)

A .SETTLEMENT SYSTEM.

PRESSURE TRANSDUCER ATTACHED TO A SETTLEMENT PLATE

APPLICATION:The settlement plate located in the settling ground. The sensor is connecting , via two fluid filled tubes extending laterally, to a reservoir located on firm ground away from the area of anticipated movement. Fluid pressure within the tubes is sensed by the transducer which provides a measure of the elevation difference between the sensor and the reservoir. The tubes are flush-able.

Cont.

Standard Ranges:- 7, 17 meter. Temperature Ranges :- -20 degree to +80 degree. Length diameter :- 152 51 mm (reservoir), 191 35 mm (sensor)

B. PRESSURE TRANSDUCER ATTACHED TO A SETTLEMENT PLATE

SETTLEMENT PROFILER

APPLICATION:Consists of a pressure transducer inside a torpedo which is connected by a long liquid filled tube to a liquid reservoir.

The torpedo is pulled through a pipe buried in a fill, surcharge, embankment, etc.
The transducer gives a measure of the elevation profile of the pipe relative to the reservoir located on stable ground. The liquid tube is stored on a reel.

C. SETTLEMENT PROFILER

HIGH SENSITIVITY SETTLEMENT SYSTEM

APPLICATION:Consists of a series of vessels containing liquid level sensors interconnected by a liquid filled tube. A reference vessel is positioned at a stable bench mark location with additional vessels positioned at different location at approximately the same elevation. The differential settlement or heave between any vessel and the reference vessel results in an apparent rise or fall of the liquid level in that vessel.

D. HIGH SENSITIVITY SETTLEMENT SYSTEM

PRECISION SETTLEMENT MONITORING SYSTEM

APPLICATION:-

System was designed to measure differential settlements with a very high degree of accuracy and resolution, making it suitable for applications of a highly critical nature where the expected settlement are small.

E. PRECISION SETTLEMENT MONITORING SYSTEM

STRAIN GAGE MEASUREMENT

STRAIN GAGE

B. FIBER OPTIC STARIN GAGE

C. DYNAMIC STARIN TRANSDUCER

D. STRAIN GAGE

E. MODIFIED STRAIN GAGE

F. STRAIN GAGES

G. HIGH TEMPERATURE EMBEDMENT STRAIN GAGE

H. REBAR STRAINMETER

I. FIBER OPTIC REBAR STRAINMETER

EARTH PRESSURE CELLS

A. EARTH PRESSURE CELL

B. ANOTHER PRESSURE CELL

C. JACKOUT PRESSURE CELL

D. JACKOUT PRESSURE CELL HYDRAULIC

E. INTERGRAL PIEZOMETER

F. NATM STYLE SHOTCRETE STRESS CELLS

G. LOAD CELL

H. VIBRATING WIRE STRAIN GAGE

I. VIBRATING WIRE TRANSDUCER

DATALOGGERS

A. SINGLE CHANNEL DATALOGGER

B. MULTI CHANNEL DATALOGGER

C. 16 CHANNEL DATA LOGGER

D. DATA COLLECTION

E. MEASUREMENT & CONTROL

F. INTERFACE TO READ VIBRATING WIRE SENSOR

G. MULTIPLEXER

H. DATA ACQUISITION

I. DATA STORAGE

J. VIBRATING WIRE TO ANALOG CONVERTER

TUNNEL MONITORING INSTRUMENTATION

HYDRO TUNNEL

INSTALLATION OF PROBES.

1. SINGLE CHANNEL DATA LOGGERS

2 STANDARD PIEZOMETER.

3A. ROD EXTENSOMETER.

3B .FLEXIBLE ROD EXTENSOMETER.

3C. EXTENSOMETER HEAD.

4. LOAD CELLS.

5. NATM STYLE SHOTCRETE STRESS CELLS.

6. HIGH TEMPERATURE EMBEDMENT STRAIN GAGES.

7. INSTRUMENTED ROCKBOLTS

8. VIBRATING WIRE TILTMETER.

9. CRACK METER.

10. DATA LOGGER.

11. VIBRATING WIRE IN PLACE INCLINOMETER

12. TAPE EXTENSOMETER

13. CONGERGENCE METERS.

INSTRUMENTATION USED IN A CONCRETE DAM MONITORING APPLICAYION.

INSTALLATION OF PROBES.

1. VIBRATING WIRE IN PLACE INCLINOMETER

2. MULTI-POINT ROD EXTENSOMETER.

3. PENDULUM SYSTEM.

4. DATA LOGGER

5. STANDARD PIEZOMETER.

6. LOAD CELLS.

7. VIBRATING WIRE TILTMETER

8. CRACK METERS

9. EMBEDMENT JOINT METER.

10. VIBRATING WIRE TEMPRRATURE SENSOR.

11. CONCRETE EMBEDMENT STRAIN GAGES

12. EARTH PRESSURE CELLS.

INSTRUMENTATION USED IN AN EARTH DAM MONITORING APPLICATION.

INSTALLATION OF PROBS

1.SOIL STARIN METERS

2. SETTLEMENT SENSORS

3. HEAVY DUTY PIEZOMETER

4. TEMPERATURE GAGES

5. EARTH PRESSURE CELLS.

6. PIEZOMETER

7. IN PLACE INCLINOMETER

8. INCLINOMETER PROBES

9. PORTABLE READOUT BOXES

10. MULTIPLEXER

11. MULTI CHANNEL DATALOGGER

12. SEAPAGE MONITOR

INSTRUMENTATION USED IN AN EXCAVATION MONITURING APPLICATION.

INSTALLATION OF PROBS.

1. SINGLE-CHANNEL DATA LOGGERS

2.PIEZOMETER

3. IN PLACE INCLINOMETER

4. LOAD CELLS.

5. STRAIN GAGE

6. EXTENSOMETER

7. TILTMETER

8. CRACKMETERS.

9. MULTI CHANNEL DATA LOGGERS

10. PORTABLE INCLINOMETER

11. JACKOUT PRESSURE CELL HYDRAULIC

12. SISTER BARS

INSTRUMENTATION USED IN AN PILES MONITORING APPLICATION.

INSTALLATION OF PROBES.

1. DISPLACEMENT TRANSDUCER

2. LOAD CELLS.

3. MULTI CHANNEL DATA LOGGERS.

4. STRAIN GAGE

5. RETRIEVABLE EXTENSOMETER

6. IN PLACE INCLINOMETER

7. SISTER BARS

8. TELLTALES.

WIRE LESS COMMUNICATION

INSTALLATION TECHNIQUES OF WIRE LESS TRANSMITTERS ON SITE IN HYDRO POWER PLANT.

INSTALLATION OF SENSOR

WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Scheduled & random Satellite Transmission from the field to your desktop.

FEATURES

Integrating Sutrons Xpert & SAT link in to existing Vibrating wire system using Sutron system software.

Net work of Individule Monitoring sites reporting to goes polling station.

APPLICATIONS

Tsunami Detection & Warning Tidal and Port Systems Stream Gauging Reservoir Monitoring Stand-Alone Precipitation Stations (see photo) Hydro-Met Stations Agricultural Weather Stations Synoptic & Climatic Weather Stations Ground Water Monitoring

INCLINOMETER

GROUND LEVEL MEASUREMENT

IMMERSION TYPE LEVEL TRANSMITTER

VIBRATING WIRE PIEZOMETER

CRACK & JOINT METER

MECHANICAL BORE WIRE EXTENSOMETER

WATER LEVEL METER.