Poorva Mankad AD-V

What is a Mechanical Fan?

A mechanical fan is a machine used to create flow within a fluid, typically a gas such as air. The fan consists of a rotating arrangement of vanes or blades which act on the air. The rotating assembly of blades and hub is known as an impeller, a rotor, or a runner. Usually, it is contained within some form of housing or case. This may direct the airflow or increase safety by preventing objects from contacting the fan blades. Most fans are powered by electric motors, but other sources of power may be used, including hydraulic motors and internal combustion engines.

Types of Fans
Mechanical revolving blade fans are made in a wide range of designs.

There are two main types of fans used for moving air:
Axial Centrifugal

Centrifugal Fans

Rotating impeller increases air velocity

Air speed is converted to pressure High pressures for harsh conditions
High temperatures

Moist/dirty air streams

Material handling

Categorized by blade shapes

Radial

Forward curved
Backward inclined

Axial Fans
The axial-flow fans have blades that force air to move parallel to the shaft about which the blades rotate. Axial fans blow air along the axis of the fan, linearly, hence their name. This type of fan is used in a wide variety of applications, ranging from small cooling fans for electronics Standard axial flow fans have diameters from 300400 mm or 1800 to 2000 mm and work under pressures up to 800 Pa. Examples of axial fans are: Table fan Ceiling fan Computer fan

Table Fan

Types of Axial Fans

Ceiling Fan
A ceiling fan is a mechanical fan, usually electrically powered, suspended from the ceiling of a room, that uses hub-mounted rotating paddles to circulate air.

A ceiling fan rotates much more slowly than an electric desk fan; it cools people effectively by introducing slow movement into the otherwise still, hot air of a room, inducing evaporative cooling.

Typical components of a Ceiling Fan

A B

C D E

YokeAccepts downrod Motor Cover- Covers the motor and centers the rotor and stator. Bearing- It insures a smooth operation. Rotor- Transfers the magnetic energy from the stator. Stator

The Working Principle

Induction motors use a rotating magnetic field
1)Wires Conductors carry electrical current to sets of copper coils called windings. 3 ) Stator Fluctuating polarity creates a rotating magnetic field in the stator. The field induces a current in laminations in the rotor, which spins around the stationary stator.

2)Windings Wrapped around steel bars, or laminations, energized windings form an electromagnet called a stator.

4) Rotor The rotor spins because it repels the rotating magnetic field induced by the stator.

5) Housing The motor housing envelops the rotor as it revolves on bearings around the stator.

How an Induction Motor works

Other Parts of a Fan

BLADES: Even though most ceiling fans have 4 blades, they can have three to 5 blades depending on the size. Many different woods, metals, and synthetic properties go into making ceiling fan blades that improve any decor. The typical finishes accessible are white, cherry wood, walnut, oak, black, rosewood along with a selection of other colors, even though for these, youll most likely have to place a customized order.

CAPACITOR The capacitor is the component of your fan that stores energy, and is responsible for speed of the fan.

BEARINGS: Bearings are used to prevent friction and for easy movement of the fan motor.