Paradigmatic and Syntagmatic

Meaning in text is created in the relation of paradigmatic elements and syntagmatic order.

Paradigmatic is selective in nature represented in system network of vertical relationsis a kind of relation, system Syntagmatic is combinative in nature represented in horizontal orderis a part of, structure

System Network of Process

material primary mental relational

go, do, walk

know, like, see, want

BE, become, have, seem sleep. smile, die, bow

Process

behavioural

secondary

verbal existential Delicacy

say, tel, ask, order there+BE, come, lie, go

System Network of Cicumstance

location
extent manner spatial temporal

Circumstance

cause contingency role matter accompaniment angle Delicacy

System Network of Speech Function

Giving
ROLES SPEECH FUNCTION Demanding Question

Statement

Information COMMODITY Goods & Services

Offer

Command

Suggestion

System Network of Mood

INDICATIVE Declarative TYPE indicative Subject Finite + MooD (+Finite + Subject) imperative minor INERROGATIVE TYPE WH+Wh Wh Finite interrogative

major

MOOD TYPE

STATUS
clause

+Predicator
yes/no Finite Subject

Delicacy

Cline of Instantiation
context of situation

Institutionsituation type instance context of culture subpotentialinstance type

potential repertoir of register text type system (of language)

text

System and Structure

System is paradigmatic in nature represented in system network Structure is syntagmatic in nature represented in order (structure and collocation) Text is the product or instance of system network Realization is inter-stratal relation

Plane of Content and Expression

The protolanguage microfunction or protomicrofunction is the plane of content or meaning plane. They are elastic like rubber and are potential for development. The proto-microfunction is coded by phonetic/kinetic interface such as v.h.p.s (very high-pitched squeak [dodo ]) Proto-microfunction Phonetic/kinetic representation

Semogenesis
The protolinguistic redundancy evolves to metaredundancy of the adult language. The protolanguage: bi-stratal evolves to tristratal (potentially n-strata). Evolution of language or semohistory covers
1.

2. 3.

Phylogenetics (how meaning evolve in the system) Ontogenetics (how it develop in individuals) Logogenetics (how it unfolds in text)

Bi-and Tri-Stratal
Content Plane (Semantics)

Expression Plane (phonetic/kinetic coding)

Semantics

Lexicogrammar

Phonology

Metaredundancy
s t u

p q r l m n

a b c

Metaredundancy (cont)
General semiotics: bi-stratal

Language semiotics: tristratal p q r redounds not with l m n but with the redundancy of l m n with a b c. (semantics-lexicogrammarphonology) pq r (l m n a b c) s t u (p q r (l m n a b c))

SEMIOTICS OF BUNGA

<bunga> [b]

anak gadis sastra

Language and Social Context

IDEOLOGY

GENRE REGISTER

TEXT

Metaredundancy (cont)
((p q r (s t u l m n) (p q r a b c (l m n a b c)))

Ideology (Genre (Register (Semantics (Lex.Grammar Phonology)))) ((((Ideology Genre) Register) Semantics) Lex.Grammar) Phonology

Realization and Instantiation

Realization: interstratal Instantiation: intrastratal Realization: Field Ideational

Instantiation: Declarative I went to the library. Realization of meaning is not biunique rather one to many

System Network
1.
x a b a or b a

2.
A

x b p y q

ap aq bp bq

Realization and Instantiation

Field (Science)

Taxis

Paratactic

Logical Function

Hypotactic Elaboration = Logicosemantic Relation Expansion Extension + Enhancement X Locution Projection aX b

Idea

Realization and Instantiation (cont)

aXb
1.The rails extends because they are

heated by the sun beam

2. Iron, copper, zinc, water and other

metals are called conductor because

they pass on electric current.

SPEECH FUNCTIONS

Giving
ROLES SPEECH FUNCTION Demanding Question

Statement

Information COMMODITY Goods & Services

Offer

Command

Suggestion

Knowledge
Constructivism Knowledge: number of links between meaning and expression Hydrogen monoxide
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Dapat membuat kematian jika tertelan Dapat membakar kulit dalam bentuk gas Menjadi unsur utama hujan asam Dapat merusak rem mobil Dapat membuat orang muntah

Paradigmatic and Syntagmatic

Meaning in text is created in the relation of paradigmatic elements and syntagmatic order.

Paradigmatic is selective in nature represented in system network of vertical relationsis a kind of relation, system Syntagmatic is combinative in nature represented in horizontal orderis a part of, structure

Metaphor and Metonymy

Relation between meaning and expression is incongruently coded in metaphor or metonymy. Metaphor: relocation, displacement, comparison Metonymy: part-whole relation

System Network
INDICATIVE Declarative TYPE indicative Subject Finite + MooD (+Finite + Subject) imperative minor INERROGATIVE TYPE WH+Wh Wh Finite interrogative

major

MOOD TYPE

STATUS
clause

+Predicator
yes/no Finite Subject

Delicacy

Cline of Instantiation
context of situation

Institutionsituation type instance context of culture subpotentialinstance type

potential repertoir of register text type system (of language)

text