S

POR
TS
AND
ORIGIN OF
SPORTS
“The origin of man’s culture, physical
and mental, are found in his original
nature and in the environment, with
which he has had to cope. These
factors have been interactive.
Environment has shaped man, and he
has modified the world into which he
was born. Of the two, environment
and man, the former appears to have
been the more variable, the latter
more constant.”
ORIGIN OF
SPORTS
Evolution of the way of living
• first means of survival: hunting
• required one to be very physical to
keep up with his prey …
ORIGIN OF
SPORTS
… and escape his predators.
ORIGIN OF
SPORTS
Evolution of the way of living
• the discovery of agriculture led to a
less physical life thus the rise of
cooperation among fellow human
beings
ORIGIN OF
SPORTS
Formation of classes
• defined the differentiation of education,
mental and physical
• Kingly and noble soldiers: professional
training in feats of physical skills
• Possessed more leisure for physical
pastimes a.k.a. sports
• mostly derived from remote origins of
their past and served as pre-
professional and professional training.
ORIGIN OF
SPORTS
Emergence of sports
• Natural Theory – To give exercise to
muscles and to provide explanations
for what one finds around him, are
both fundamentally satisfying
ORIGIN OF
SPORTS
Emergence of sports
• Fundamental general tendencies in
man constituting the starting point of
his physical culture
• tendencies to satisfy hunger
• preservation of the individual
when opposed or pursued by
foes
• drives operative in mating and
ORIGIN OF
SPORTS
Emergence of sports
• Fundamental general tendencies in
man constituting the starting point of
his physical culture
• random manipulation of brain and
brawn which appears satisfying
when in a state of health and
freshness
• inclination to fear the unknown
•
ORIGIN OF
SPORTS
Emergence of sports
• Physical activities of primitive man
• informal apprenticeship
• play activities
Games as education
Original sources of sportive activities
• natural drives of man
• religious beliefs and practices
• various utilitarian purposes (e.g.
train youth)
ORIGIN OF
SPORTS
How about Sports in the Philippines?
• The ancient Filipinos naturally engage in
certain forms of physical activity incidental
to their living such as planting, fishing,
hunting, tree-climbing, making tools and
weapons, and building shelters and boats.
ORIGIN OF
SPORTS
Evidences of Physical Education
• Select chief base on physical prowess
• Duel dances (Sinulog)
• War songs (Kumintang)
• Primary lifestyle: hunting
• Schooling includes native fencing for
self-defense
SPORTS AND
EQUIPMENT
Apparel
• Changes in material composition for
better performance
• weight reduction
• flexibility
• support
• durability
SPORTS AND
EQUIPMENT
Apparel
• compositions of shirts and shorts
• from cotton to polyester (for greater
flexibility and lighter material)
SPORTS AND
EQUIPMENT
Apparel
• composition and design of shoes
• improved composition to become
more durable and lighter
• designed to give better support and
to adapt to playing surfaces
SPORTS AND
EQUIPMENT
Apparel
• others
• supports: more flexible for better
movement but gives enough support
to critical points in the body to avoid
injuries
SPORTS AND
EQUIPMENT
Other Equipment
• composition and design
• improved composition to become
more durable and lighter higher
performance
• composition of most sports
equipment like bats, racquets, balls
have now changed to more
synthetic materials
SPORTS AND
EQUIPMENT
Playing Surfaces
• composition and design
• improved composition to become
more durable and lessen the strain on
the body of the players
SPORTS AND
EQUIPMENT
Training program
• the training regimen that athletes are
taking into their programs are now better
designed for each of their sports to
give peak performance
SPORTS AND
TECHNOLOGY
Positive: Negative:
- Better training - Distance between
regimens because of rich and poor: only
better equipment those who can afford
and advances in the equipment will
technology be able to benefit
from them
- Fairer judgment
because of instant
replay
- Better looking
SPORTS AND
TECHNOLOGY
Main Points:
- Advances in the equipment, apparel and
technology are only aids in sports
- They only enhance the performance of an
athlete
- Bottom line: They are not essential for one
to be able to become good in sports.
SPORTS AND
MEDICINE
What are Steroids?
- one of the many classes of drugs which
was developed in the 1930s
- complete name: Anabolic-Androgenic
Steroids
- street names: gym candy, juice,
pumpers, Arnolds, weight trainers and
stackers
SPORTS AND
MEDICINE
Positive Effects
Negative Effects
- serious health problems,
- to treat such as heart attacks,
Hypogonadism stroke, liver tumors,
- treatment of cancer, jaundice, etc.
impotence, wasting - severe acne, kidney
of the body caused tumors and trembling
by HIV infection and - adolescents’ growth will
other diseases that be affected
cause a loss of lean
muscle mass and - different gender-based
delayed puberty effects
- psychiatric side effects
SPORTS AND
MEDICINE
Means of Intake & Amount of Time it stays in
the body
- Oral intake (stays in the body for 1 to 4
weeks)
- By injecting it directly into the muscle (stays
for 3 to 4 months)
- rubbed on the skin in the form of creams or
gels
• Stacking - different kinds of steroids are
taken
SPORTS AND
MEDICINE
Controversies:
- great pressure to win, huge competition
and excel in sports
- the use of steroids has been banned by
different professional sports leagues
- Reasons:
- possible dangerous effects on health
- unfair advantage
- how to detect: urine testing
CONCLUSIONS
- Physical exercise is necessary to the
growth, the health and happiness of man,
mental as well as physical.
- So far as sportive tendencies are
concerned, early man was not far different
from his modern descendants.
- Technological advancements only enhance
the ability and skill of the athlete by
lessening the strain on the body of the
athlete, and better adaptation to the
different surfaces that one might be playing
on.
- One can have a great body and excel in
sports without using steroids.