ICT IV

1.1 What Is a Computer?

Objectives: At the end of the lesson 85% of the students are expected to:
1. know the definitions of computers, computer programmers, hardware and software. 2. Enumerate the (6) six logical units of a computer. 3. Differentiate the logical units.

ICT IV
1.2 What Is a Computer?

A computer - is a device capable of performing computations

and making logical decisions at speeds millions and even billions of times faster than those of human beings.

Supercomputers - can perform hundreds of billions of additions

per secondabout as many calculations as hundreds of thousands of people could perform in one year!

ICT IV
Computer programs are controlled sets of instructions in which computers process data.

Computer programmers - are individuals that make computer

programs to work correctly and can be useful in the society.

Hardware

-are the physical devices of a

computer that can be seen and touch.

ICT IV
Examples of Computer Hardware:

System Unit

CRT Monitor

LCD Monitor

ICT IV
Examples of Computer Hardware:

Keyboard

Mouse

Printer

ICT IV
Software the program that run on a computer.

Examples of software's
1. Windows 2. Adobe 3. Visual Studio 4. Red Hat Linux 5. Microsoft Office

ICT IV
6 Logical Units or Sections of a Computer 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Input unit. Output unit. Memory unit. Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) Central processing unit (CPU) Secondary storage unit

ICT IV
1. Input unit this receiving section of the computer obtains information (data and computer programs) from various input devices. The input unit then places this information at the disposal of the other units to facilitate the processing of the information.

2. Output unit

- this shipping section of the computer

takes information that the computer has processed and places it on various output devices, making the information available for use outside the computer.

ICT IV
3. Memory unit - this is the rapid-access, relatively lowcapacity warehouse section of the computer, which facilitates the temporary storage of data.

4. Arithmetic and logic unitis-the manufacturing section of the computer. It is responsible for (ALU)

the performance of calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

5. Central processing unitserves as the administrative section of the computer. This is the (CPU)

computers coordinator, responsible for supervising the operation of the other sections.

ICT IV
6. Secondary storage unit -is the long-term, high- capacity
warehousing section of the computer.