Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
GROUP 02 BCH 1
DEFINITION
13/04/2013
They
are large, shallow basins in which raw sewage is treated entirely by natural processes involving both algae and bacteria are used for sewage treatment in temperate and tropical climates energy is the only requirement for their 2 operation
They
Sunlight
LAGOONS
13/04/2013
They
are man-made outdoor earthen basins in which waste is stored and undergoes anaerobic respiration as part of a system designed to manage and treat waste are effective in on-site waste water treatment and they are relatively easy to maintain should be constructed in positions where trees will not restrict sunlight exposure and free air movement
They
They
Dyke
MAINTENANCE OF LAGOONS
13/04/2013
A permanent vegetative cover should be established on the lagoon dike as soon as possible to prevent erosion of the dyke Vegetative growth should be controlled to assure necessary sunlight exposure and air movement No trees should be allowed to grow around the lagoon.
ADVANTAGES OF LAGOONS
13/04/2013
Low
Lagoons
provide effective treatment with minimal threat to the environment well in clay soils where conventional subsurface on-site absorption fields will not work
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Work
DISADVANTAGES OF LAGOONS
13/04/2013
Lagoons must be constructed in clay soil or be lined to prevent leakage May overflow occasionally during extended periods of heavy rainfall
Anaerobic
ponds; Are commonly 2 5 m deep and receive wastewater with high organic loads ponds; Are usually 1-2 m deep and are of two types i.e. Primary facultative ponds and secondary facultative ponds ponds; Are usually 1-1.5 m deep and they receive the effluent from the facultative ponds. Their primary function is to remove excreted pathogens
Facultative
Maturation
Anaerobic
ponds; Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) removal is achieved by sedimentation of solids, and subsequent anaerobic digestion in the resulting sludge
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PROCESSES IN WSPS
13/04/2013
Facultative ponds; The process of oxidation of organic matter by aerobic bacteria is usually dominant in primary facultative ponds and secondary facultative ponds
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PROCESSES IN WSPS
13/04/2013
Maturation ponds; Faecal bacterial die-off in ponds increases with both time and temperature. High pH values ( >9) occur in ponds, due to rapid photosynthesis by pond algae
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MAINTENANCE OF WSPS
13/04/2013
There
is need for periodic vegetation, plants, algae and scum control of odour, if any volume and BOD of the sewage
Control
Monitor
Desludging
ADVANTAGES OF WSPS
13/04/2013
Simple
Provides
pathogen removal which is better than the conventional treatment in small communities
Used
Low
DISADVANTAGES OF WSPS
13/04/2013
Large
area requirement
Poor
May
Needs
REFERENCES
13/04/2013
Waste stabilization ponds and constructed wetlands design manual by S. Kayombo, T.S.A. and N. Ladegaard, WSP & CW Research Project Oklahoma Department of Environmental quality Philippines Sanitation Sourcebook and Decision Aid
Environmental Health Engineering in the Tropics by Sandy Caircross and Richard Feachem
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