CHAPTER 1.4 & 1.

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LEE CHWEN POH 203525
LU JO WIN 203565

1.4 DSS Knowledge Base

Knowledge reasons a problems solution

Facts, information, experience

decision made

to support, verify

Knowledge base

is the database maintained for knowledge management which provides the means of data collections, organization and retrieval of knowledge.

Types of Knowledge Base

Machine readable : use code computer can process

Human readable : human retrieve knowledge and process on their own

Categories of knowledge base

Post : conclusion from evidence

Pre : prediction

Knowledge
Problem domain specific Data connected with data relationship forming information useful to solve users problem I have answer

Data
Generally useful for all Information stored in computer I have files

DSS Knowledge base

Containing all sorts of information that may be useful for users in supporting decision making = knowledge base included in DSS , support decision making process, making the decision more reliable

Knowledge in Base
Fact ( factual knowledge) ~ truth Eg: Iron Hypothesis(heuristic knowledge) ~ yet to be proven

Iron man

Knowledge Acquisition
Knowledge obtain from experts and validated sources

The knowledge is process and engineered into useful

Stored in knowledge base

Knowledge Retrieval
Problem Knowledge gathered and propose solution based on facts and relationship given using inference engine * inference engine = the part of an expert system that makes logical conclusions about a situation.

Answer proposed to user from knowledge base

1st knowledge base

1965 by Edward Feigenbaum (1936-) was used to analyze chemical compounds

USERS OF DSS
first DSS developed by Michael S. Scott Morton (1971) designed to support the market planning manager, the production manager and the marketing manager of a consumer product division of a large multi-business firm.

 his motive: to improve the effectiveness of management his words: trying to help improve the ability of humans to deal with complex mental tasks.

NOWADAYS
decision maker, intermediary,

maintainer,
operator, feeder

EXAMPLES OF DSS USERS

company uses dss for shipping scheduling

data warehouse & statistical analysis use to make periodic reports in organizations

 medical doctor who use web-based clinical decision support system

GENERALLY,
anyone who make decisions with the access to computer is a potential user.

Data support system categories ( 4 types )

Support-based categories (output ) proposed by Alter (1980)

Data-centric: perform qualitative analysis based on company databases(data-mining) model-centric : quantitative

Institutional and ad hoc ( situation) by Donovan & Madnick ( 1977)

Ad hoc: unique, infrequent decision situation
Institutional : routine, repeatedly, refine after years

 Group : focus on group and organization , collaborative work, has networking structure

Individual and group ( no of users ) by Keen ( 1980 )

Individual : focus on particular users , less complex

 Procedural language : determines WHAT & HOW a process should be done,

Non-procedural language: concerned with the WHAT not the HOW. ( what condition the answer should satisfy )

Ready-made system
generally available for solving common industry problem

Custom-made system

design and develop for specific purpose