Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Introduction
Unexplored question - have material designers
responded to changing perspectives? Jones (1997): "In spite of a changed phonological focus [...]
teaching techniques and tasks continue to rely on the behaviourist notions of SLA such as habit formation".
and new trends in pronunciation pedagogy are reflected in pronunciation materials Selected materials:
textbooks computer software Internet web sites
perspectives in pronunciation pedagogy Analysis of materials Model accents Goals and priorities Common core features Pronunciation teaching techniques Conclusions
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(segmentals < suprasegmentals) Contextualisation and fluency-building Widened scope of pronunciation instruction Holistic approach Autonomy and speech awareness New technologies
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BE - books 10 10 AE - books Other - books BE - CDs 4 2 2 AE - Other CDs CDs AE - CDs Other - CDs
BE AE Other
Redirection of priorities
segmentals
Focus on segmentals1
1960s-70s
Detailed treatment of Vs & Cs Optional features:
Focus on segmentals2
Textbooks:
Baker,A. 1977. Ship or sheep? An intermediate pronunciation course. Baker, A. 1982. Tree or Three? An elementary pronunciation course.
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Segmentals + suprasegmentals1
1980s - 1990s
Vs - quantitative & qualitative, emphasis differs Cs - focal areas:
aspiration, contrast, fortis / lenis, clusters
Suprasegmentals:
stress & rhythm, connected speech, weak forms, intonation
Additional features:
spelling - sound correspondence, guidance for different L1, voice quality
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Segmentals + suprasegmentals2
Arabski,J. 1987. Wymowa amerykaska.
Suprasegmentals
Stress -
(word stress, nuclear stress, unaccented syllables, schwa, weak forms) (thought groups)
Rhythm -
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Suprasegmentals
Bogle,D. 1996. Practical phonology.
of American English. Morley, J. 1979. Improving Spoken English. Mortimer,C. 1985. Elements of pronunciation. Prator,C. 1951 (1985). A manual of American English pronunciation. Rogerson,P. & J.B.Gilbert. 1990. Speaking clearly. Vaughan-Rees, M. 1994. Rhymes and Rhythm. Weinstein, N. 1982. Whaddaya Say? Zawadzki, H. 1994 In tempo. CD BETTER ACCENT TUTOR.FOR AMERICAN ENGLISH CD PRONUNCIATION IN AMERICAN ENGLISH CD CONNECTED SPEECH
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77% intonation
74% word stress 70% vowel quantity 67% vowel quality 67% tonic stress 67% unstressed syllables 63% rhythm (thought groups) 59% diphthongs 56% dental fricatives
consonantal clusters linking rhotic r assimilation aspiration fortis / lenis spelling / sound dark l
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Phonetic training
Reszkiewicz 1981, Arabski 1987, Brazil 1994, Orion 1997, The Mouton Interactive Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology (CD), Fonetyka angielska w piguce (CD), PHON2, 17 UCLA's Phonetic Lab, Maidment's Pronunciation Tip of the Day
Pronunciation games
Maidments' Sound Machines, Windmayer's Sounds of English Pronunciation Power (CD), Bogle 1996, Hancock 2003
Communicative / contextualised
activities
Morley 1979, Bradford 1988, O'Connor & Fletcher 1989, Gilbert 1993, Hewings & Goldstein 1993, Brazil 1994, Miller 18 2000
Pair work
Kinaesthetic reinforcement
Bogle 1996, Miller 2000
Visual support
Sobkowiak 1996, Orion 1997, Pronunciation Power (CD), Clear Speech Works (CD), CSLU Toolkit Baldi
languages:
Cunningham & Bowler 1999, O'Connor & Fletcher 1989, Hancock 2003
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Integrated skills
Speak Fluent American English (CD), Gilbert 1993
Voice quality
Speak Fluent American English (CD)
Sensitisation
Bradford 1988, Brazil 1994, Hancock 2003
autonomy:
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Conclusions
Greater variety in NS-model accents
Redefined goals and priorities intelligibility & communication
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http://www.cyberphon.univ-lyon2.fr PHON2: Phonetics beyond the basics http://www.linguistics.reading.ac.uk/phon2 Pronunciation Web Resources - links http://www.sunburstmedia.com/PronWeb.html An overview of pronunciation software, D. Healey http://oregonstate.edu/~healeyd/tesol2002/pron.html
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http://www.marlodge.supanet.com/ Michael Reck's Collection of Tongue Twisters http://www.uebersetzung.at/twister/en.html Sharon Windmayer's Sounds of English http://www.soundsofenglish.org Maidment's Pronunciation Tip of the Day http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/johnm/eptotd/tipho me.html SIL's IPA Fonts http://www.itl.atr.co.jp/comp.speech/Section1/Fonts/ 23 sil.ipa.html
http://www.humnet.ucla.edu/humnet/linguistics/facili ti/uclaplab.html Phonetics Dep. at the University College London http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/wells The International Phonetic Association http://www.arts.gla.ac.uk/IPA/ipa.html IATEFL's Pronun. Special Interest Group http://members.aol.com/PronunciationSig/index.html TESOL's Speech/Pronunc. Special Interest Section http://www.public.iastate.edu/~jlevis/SPRIS/
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Pronunciation CD-ROMs
THE MOUTON INTERACTIVE INTRODUCTION TO PHONETICS AND
PHONOLOGY FONETYKA ANGIELSKA W PIGUCE, Sobkowiak,W. 2000. (BE) PRONUNCIATION POWER (AE) http://www.englishlearning.com/pronpowr.html PRONUNCIATION IN AMERICAN ENGLISH 1999 (AE) BETTER ACCENT TUTOR FOR AMERICAN ENGLISH (AE) SPEAK FLUENT AMERICAN ENGLISH (AE) HUMMINGBIRD (AE) http://www.humbird.com
(AE, BE, Australian) CLEAR SPEECH WORKS (AE) AMERICAN SPEECH SOUNDS (AE) ENGLISH EASY: VOWELS AND CONSONANTS (Canadian English) PPO-NUNCIATION SOUND LAB & MOUTH EXERCISES (BE, AE) AMERICAN ACCENT PROGRAMME (AE)
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