R.PRITHIVIRAJ 110012061346 CIVIL FINAL YEAR DATE:18.07.

2012

Introduction about company

TRAINING COMPANY:ANNAI INFRA DEVELOPERS PRIVATE LIMITED under the branch construction of Rock & arch construction india (P),ltd. Head office: 102,sheik Dawood street,Erode 638001.Tamil nadu. Ph.no:+914242241433 E-mail ID: annaiinfra@gmail.com Branch office: Tirunelveli

Company under project work:

Hydraulic structures like dams and weirs Road work Bridges Residential building Apartments Multistory buildings

Training work site: Tirunelvei (Dam and bridge site) Residential building site Office work Training period: 15.05.2012 to 03.07.2012

Knowledge of gaining from training:

Execution of foundation, sub structure works in construction of two minor bridges and above casting and pre-stressing of post-tensioned pre-stressed girders to be launched for superstructure in these minor bridges. Estimation & costing and structural works of Residential building. M-book measurement Reading of drawing Marking. Alignment of site. Cost of material and cost of work in each and every item. Practical knowledge about site work.

Site-I Dam:
Location: Tirunelveli Stage of working process: Finishing stage at dam site (cleaning, plastering and painting)

Plastering works:
Wall Plastering:(inspection room, office room and control room) CM 1:5 wall plastering 12mm thickness 1 part of cement and 5 part of sand Materials used in plastering: Cement(opc 33grade) Sand(below 4.75mm FA)- FA means Fine Aggregate Water

Site-I Dam:
Equipment used in plastering: Trowel Bond Surface trowel Level tube Plum bop Mix proportion: CM 1:5 One part of cement and 5 part of cement w/c(water cement radio) 0.475

Plaster work should only follow the steps mentioned below:

a) Surface must be thoroughly cleaned. b) Plaster area must be provided with level dabs or spots allowing working and checking with 2-3 m straight edge. Depth of plaster must not be less than 8mm at any point. c) Required concealing services must be completed and tested. d) No further cutting of masonry must be required. e) Repairs carried out to masonry or concealing work must be cured and dry. f) Surface must be sufficiently damp.

Site II: Residential building:

Location: valliur (tirunelveli to kanyakumari NH7) Stage of working process: On going of 1st floor, ground floor completed. Plinth Area : 2400Sq.ft Cost of building: 1,00,00,000

Vasthu(rules of building):

I see some of the work on progress,

Column work is exists of 1st floor is still working GF wall and celleing plastering still work 1st floor wall construction still work

Materials details:
Cement Ramco cement 43Grade Partially replacing material is Fly ash Sand - replacing of crushed stone dust Jally - 20mm jally in Rcc 40mm jally in Pcc Bricks - standard bricks Replacing of Fly ash bricks (size 0.19x.9x.9m) Steel - fe 415, Dia rod: 25,20,18,16,10,12,8mm

Equipment details:

Trowel Bond Vibrator Needle vibrator Surface vibrator Shuttering sheet Concrete mixer Mixer machine Transit mixer Pump concrete Lift concrete

Materials:
Bricks: 9 4.5 Cement: 9 4.5 Sand: 9 4.5 -

required bricks in 100ft 1400bricks required bricks in 100ft 750bricks 2 .5 bags 1.5 bags 70cube.ft 45cube.ft

Materials rate:

Cement Sand Fly ash brick Jally Fly ash Stone dust

- Rs 345 / bag - Rs 2,000/unit - Rs 7/no - Rs 4500/unit - Rs 220/bag - Rs 1800/unit

Brick Masonry work: Flemish Bond:

This pattern uses alternate stretchers and headers, with the headers in alternate courses centered over the stretchers in the intervening courses.

English Bond:
This pattern also uses alternate stretchers andheaders, but the headers are centered on the stretchers and the joints between the stretchers in all the courses in line up vertically.

Site III : Pre-Stressed concrete Bridge: Location: Tirunelveli Stage of work on process:
Shuttering is fixed at
deck slab. Piers formwork or removed

Materials used in construction:

Cement(opc 43 grade) Sand(less than 4.75mm FA) Aggregate(40mm and 20 mm size) Water(portable) Bricks (fly ash) Random rubble stone Steel(fe 415 & fe 500)

Reinforcement details:

Reinforcement on parapet

Reinforcement on slab

Finishing work:

Inside water way

Inside water way

Technician Duties:
Superstructure Substructure Spans and Span Length Simple and Continuous Spans

Title and Index Sheet Boring Data Sheets Layout Sheet General Plan Detail Plan Sheets Bridge Summary and Estimate of Quantities Sheets Standard Drawings Contractor Plans or Drawings

Basic Bridge Terms

Bridge Plans

Structural components of T-beam and slab bridge decks:

The main structural components of pre-stressed concrete T-Beam and slab bridge decks are 1)Deck slab 2)Main or longitudinal beam 3)Cross girders or diaphragms 4)Cantilever portion 5)Foot paths, kerbs and hand rails 6)Parapets 7)Wearing course

High strength concrete mix consideration:

The two most important constituents of prestressed concrete which will influence the quality of bridge deck are a)Concrete b)High tensile steel

The following information is essntial for making any controlled concrete mix, Grade of concrete: IS code IRC:18-2000 min M35 max M60 Cement requirements: IRC code:21-2000 min 400 kg/m3 max 540 kg/m3 Types of Aggregate: nominal size 20 to 40mm Workability of fresh concrete: water/cement ratio 0.3 to 0.4

Expansion joints for Bridge decks:

These joints become necessary due to the following a)Differential shrinkage of concrete b)Creep or inelastic deformation of concrete c)Thermal expansion and contraction of the super structure and in some cases even the sub structure d)Elastic shortening of concrete due to prestress e)Displacements of the structure under load or any other action

Materials suitable for the Construction of Long-span Bridges:

1. Stone in arch masonry 2. Steel in girder or box-section constructed in steel plates and standard sections 3. Steel truss constructed of standard sections 4. Reinforced Concrete in arch or spanned forms 5. Tensioned RC in various forms 6. Precast mainly in box-section girder

Methods to form the deck of bridges:

1. Balanced cantilever method 2. Construct in-situ 3. Construct using precast beam 4. Construct using precast girder section and erected by a launching machine (viaduct) 5. Construct using incremental launching method

Classification of Bridges
Material
Usage Span Structural Form
Steel Concrete Wood Hybrid Stone/Brick
Pedestrian Highway Railroad Short Medium Long

Slab Girder Truss Arch Suspension Cable-Stayed

Structural Arrangement

Discussion on Classification According To SPAN

Small Span Bridges (up to 15m)

Medium Span Bridges (up to 50m)

Large Span Bridges (50-150m)

Extra Large ( Long ) Span Bridges (over 150m)

Small Span Bridges (up to 15m)

Culvert Bridge

Slab Bridges
T-Beam Bridge Wood Beam Bridge Pre-cast Concrete Box Beam Bridge Pre-cast Concrete I-Beam Bridge Rolled Steel Beam Bridge