A Preventable

Disease in
Indonesia
Malaria

By Andrew Fish
U.S. Comparison-Malaria
 Completely Eradicated in the U.S.
 However, Of the 1,337 malaria cases
reported for 2002 in the United States, all
but five were imported, i.e., acquired in
malaria-endemic countries.
 Between 1957 and 2003, in the United
States, 63 outbreaks of locally transmitted
mosquito-borne malaria have occurred; in
such outbreaks, local mosquitoes become
infected by biting persons carrying malaria
parasites (acquired in endemic areas) and
then transmit malaria to local residents.
 Malaria Worldwide
 Every 30 seconds someone dies of
malaria.
 Forty-one percent of the world's
population live in areas where malaria is
transmitted
 Each year 350–500 million cases of
malaria occur worldwide, and over one
million people die, most of them young
children in sub-Saharan Africa.
 In 2002, malaria was the fourth cause of
death in children in developing countries,
after perinatal conditions (conditions
occurring around the time of birth), lower
respiratory infections (pneumonias), and
 Malaria-What is it?
 Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease
that causes over 2.7 million deaths
per year according to estimates by
the World Health Organization.
 Usually, symptoms appear within the
first several weeks after the infected
mosquito bites you
Malaria Life Cycle
 Symptoms
 Symptoms of malaria can begin as early as six to
eight days after a bite by an infected mosquito.
They include:
 High fever (up to 105 degrees Fahrenheit) with
shaking chills
 Profuse sweating when the fever suddenly drops
 Fatigue
 Headache
 Muscle aches
 Abdominal discomfort
 Nausea, vomiting
 Feeling faint when you stand up or sit up quickly
 Prevention
 One way to prevent malaria is to avoid mosquito bites with
the following strategies:
 As much as possible, stay indoors in well-screened areas,
especially at night when mosquitoes are most active.
 Use mosquito nets and bed nets. It's best to treat the nets
with the insect repellant permethrin.
 Wear clothing that covers most of your body.
 Use an insect repellent that contains DEET or picaridin.
These repellants are applied directly to your skin, except
around your mouth and eyes. If you choose a picaridin-
based repellant, you will need to reapply it every several
hours.
 Apply permethrin to clothing.
 It is strongly recommended that you take preventive
medication when you travel to a region of the world that
has malaria.
 Protect Yourself
 Here are some easy to follow tips:
 + Before heading off for a malarial region ask your doctor
for medical guidance about what anti-malarial medication
you should take during your visit and then make sure you
take the full course. (You usually have to start the course
around a week before you go and then continue for two to
three weeks after you return.)
 + Keep skin covered between sunset and sunrise (i.e. long-
sleeved tops and trousers) and use mosquito repellents on
exposed skin.
 + Sleep under repellent impregnated mosquito nets
 + Leave the air conditioning on all day (mosquitoes are cold
blooded. They stay away if it’s too chilly for them and die if
temperatures get too low.)
 + Keep windows shut at night
 + Be aware of the symptoms before you go and be aware
they may become visible within hours or up to a year after
your trip.
 In Indonesia
 Malaria is endemic to most areas of
Indonesia, outside of the metropolitan
areas.
 affecting almost three quarters of the country's
territory
 The disease reemerged recently because of
climatic changes which have widened
mosquitoes' breeding areas
 Malaria had infected 15 million people in
Indonesia as of 2001, killing approximately
38,000 people each year
 Some 45 percent of the Indonesian population of
230 million were at risk of infection
 The problems of controlling malaria in these
 A story
Surfaid International
 Group of doctors go on a surf trip to
Indonesia, quit their jobs to help the
localhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mb4kxtYWi0A
people where they surf be rid of
preventable diseases

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mb
4kxtYWi0A