Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Endanus Harijanto
Dimensional Change
ADA spec. #1: amalgam neither contract nor expand more than 20 m/cm between 5 min and 24 hours after beginning of trituration.
Contraction results as the particles dissolve and the g1 grows. If there is sufficient liquid mercury present to provide a plastic matrix, expansion will occur when g1 crystals impinge against one another.
High-Cu, admixed
Low-Cu
leakage
leakage
Dimensional Change
Net contraction
type of alloy
spherical alloys have more contraction
less mercury
condensation technique
greater condensation = higher contraction
trituration time
overtrituration causes higher contraction
Strength
Strength
Develops slowly
1 hr: 40 to 60% of maximum 24 hrs: 90% of maximum
Strength
Condensation
Lathe-cut alloys
Greater condensation pressure higher compressive strength Lighter condensation pressure adequate strength
Spherical amalgams
Strength
Porosity
Related to the plasticity of the mix Increasing condensation pressure improved adaptation and decreases the number of voids
Strength
Corrosion
Reduces strength Seals margins
low copper
6 months
high copper
6 - 24 months
SnO2 , SnCl, CuCl eta-phase (Cu6Sn5)
Corrosion
Order of corrosion resistance (in pure phases)
Ag2Hg3 (g1) > Ag3Sn (g) > Ag3Cu2 > Cu3Sn (e) > Cu6Sn5 () > Sn7-8Hg (g2)
In the low-Cu amalgam, the most corrodible phase is the Sn7-8Hg (g2) (11-13% of amalgam mass).
Corrosion liberated Hg + Tin oxide or Tin Chloride porosity and lower strength
Corrosion
High Hg:alloy ratio formation of g2 phase promoting corrosion Gold v.s. amalgam restorations
Galvanic corrosion Free mercury can weaken the gold restoration.
Corrosion
The build-up of corrosion products gradually seals this space, making dental amalgam a self-sealing restoration. Most common corrosion products = oxides and chlorides of Sn
Corrosion products
Creep
Slow deformation of amalgam placed under a constant load ADA spec. #1: creep rate < 3%
Creep
High-copper amalgams have creep resistance
prevention of gamma-2 phase
requires >12% Cu total
interlock
admixture