Well come

Shakir Mahmud

11/14/09 1
Biochemical Decomposition
of Urea

Performed by

Md. Abdullah-Hel- Kafi

Student No. 0202040
Shakir Mahmud
Student No. 0202041

11/14/09 2
Scope of work
 To increase affectivity of urea in soil
 To reduce amount of UREA from industrial
waste water in a economical way.
 Use of microorganism in urine management.

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Introduction

 Biochemical decomposition of urea

 Urea as Fertilizer
 Remove urea in waste water
 Manage waste of livestock

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Literature review (con’t)
 Reaction involved

Urea Ammonia Ammonium

 Enzyme Nitrate Nitrite

 Urease
 Ammonia Monooxygenase

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Literature review (con’t)
 Fat of products in urea decomposition
 Fat of ammonium ion
 Converted to nitrates by autotrophic organisms by the
process known as nitrification.
 Absorbed by higher plant or
 Utilized by the micro flora population
 Fate of nitrate
 Absorbed by plant
 Utilized by the micro flora
 reduction of nitrate to nitrite.
 ion of nitrite to hydroxylamine
 reduction of hydroxylamine to ammonia reduction of
hydroxylamine to ammonia
 protein synthesis
 Converted molecular nitrogen by Denitrification
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Literature review (con’t)
 Urea plant waste water treatment
 Thermal hydrolysis and steam stripping
 Biological treatment

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Literature review (con’t)
Involving Micro Organisms

 Micro organisms involved in urea

decomposition-
1. Bacteria
2. Fungi
 Two type of bacteria-
A. Ammonifying bacteria.
B. Nitrifying bacteria.

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Literature review (con’t)
 Organisms characteristic
 Urobacter
 Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria
 Nitrite-Oxidizing Bacteria

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Experimental work
 Comparative analysis of amount of decomposition of urea with various
Substances
 Without seeds
 Normal bed
 Crushed urea
 Green leaf in soil
 Saw dust in soil
 Study of five different sample bed consists of Kachuripana, sawdust,
bagassae, sugar with soil, only soil.
 Kachuripana
 Sawdust
 Bagasass
 Glucose with Soil
 Soil
 Determination concentration of urea in urea solution through
calibration curve.
 Behave with different pH in day to day
 Study of the rate of hydrolyzation of urea in Glass Column in the
presence of bacteria day to day

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Calibration curve for urea Hydrolyzed

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Result
 Bio organisms highly increase the urea
conversion
 Organic matter no effect on
decomposition.
 Glucose increases ammonification but
have no effect on nitrification.
 Activity of urobacter good at sharply
basic medium(pH6.5-7.5) but rate of
volatilizaton large in basic medium

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Result (con’t)
Effect of pH

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Result (con’t)
Effect of pH (con’t)

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Result (con’t)
Reaction rate of urea with day.

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Conclusion
 If the soil is fertilized in accordance with
normal practice there is therefore a risk of
wasting more than 60% of the fertilizer, which
leads to economic losses and serious
environmental consequences .
 Biological treatment of waste water have
great acceptance for its low cost and easy
maintain. The method involving thermal
hydrolysis and steam stripping to remove
ammonia from the condensate recycles urea.

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