TURBOCHARGER

Presented by:Joshi Dhvanit

VALIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Introduction
Concept of Turbo charging. Concept of Turbocharger. Invention.

P-V dia of turbocharged engine

Working of Turbo charger

Inside a turbocharger

Design details
Turbine & Shaft:- In a
turbocharger the turbine used is Gas Turbine. This type of turbine take their energy from exhaust gas. The turbine Blade material is steel or ceramics. The RPM of turbine is ranges between 20000 to 150000. Shaft made by Mild Steel.

VNT(Variable nozzle turbine)

Part:-2
Bearing:- The name of
bearing is foil-bearing.

Part:-3
Compressor:-The
commonly use compressor is centrifugal compressor.

Part:-4
Waste gate:1.Internal 2.external

Types of Turbocharger
Parallel Twin-Turbo Sequential Twin-Turbo

Method of turbo charging

Hyperbar turbo charging

Method of turbo charging

Two-stage turbo charging

Application
In Diesel engines like Locomotives, Heavy duty trucks In turbo alternator for electricity generate.
and all conventional automobiles. In Gasoline engines mostly for small cars. Jet engine based flying model aircrafts. Space rockets. Army aircrafts. Formula1 cars. Formula1 Boats.

Advantage
When the pressure ratio of the compressor & turbine is
very high so the recovery of the exhaust is very efficient & fuel consumption better than the other engines. Due to foil-bearing we can use light weight shaft. The space required less due to the short & small diameter pipe. The main advantage is the use of 20to30% heat lost as exhaust to use it in engine power generation. Due to fresh pressurized air in the cylinder, more fuel come to cylinder and proper combustion takes place &wastage of fuel don't take place. Due to proper combustion less pollution create.

Limitation
Turbocharger needs special exhaust manifolds. For fuel injection need large nozzles & pumping
elements. The erosion of blades occur due to exhaust gases carbon contact. Due to high speed gases in the turbine assembly a blades are having short life. In exhaust, engine has to push against the high back pressure so some power loss is there.

Petrol Vs Diesel engines Petrol Diesel

1.There is need of intercooler. 2. Uses in Small cars. 3. More expensive than diesel engine. 4.Less compression ratio. 1.No need of inter cooler is there. 2.Uses in large & heavy duty vehicles. 3.Less expensive than the petrol engine. 4.High compression ratio.

Turbocharged Vs Normal engine

Normal engine
1.Lesser efficiency. 2.The pollution ratio is high. 3.Utilization of the fuel during expansion stroke is less than turbo engine. 4.Utilization of exhausted heat is not there. 5.two stroke with crankcase.

Turbocharged engine
1. Higher efficiency. 2. The pollution ratio is less. 3. Utilization of fuel during expansion stroke is better than normal engine. 4.Utilization of exhausted heat is there. 5.two stroke without crankcase.

Conclusion
At the end of comparison:-1 for both
engine the turbochargers is more suitable for diesel engine. At the end of comparison:-2 for both engine the turbocharged engine is good for future of automobile engines.