TRACHEOSTOMY

LIDIYAMOL.P.V 1ST YEAR M.SC (N) GOVT. CON TCR

DEFINITION - TRACHEOSTOMY

Tracheostomy is a procedure in which an opening is made into the trachea and an indwelling tube is inserted into the trachea.

 HISTORY 19th century In 1869, the German surgeon Friedrich Trendelenburg reported the first successful elective human tracheotomy to be performed for the purpose of administration of general anesthesia.

INDICATIONS
1. To relieve obstruction of the upper air passages caused by: Impaction of foreign body

Acute infections such as laryngotracheobronchitis of children, acute epiglottis of influenza or viral origin, laryngeal diphtheria Edema of the glottis Bilateral abductor paralysis of the vocal folds following injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerves during thyroidectomy Tumours,particularly carcinoma of the larynx Chronic stenosis following tuberculosis or scalding Congenital atresia severe facial trauma

INDICATIONS: 2. To improve respiratory function By reducing anatomical dead space, and also enabling effective respiration of bronchial secretions to be done in Fulminating bronchopneumonia Chronic bronchitis with severe emphysema Chest injury ,particularly flail chest

INDICATIONS: 3. Respiratoty paralysis It allows assisted or positive pressure ventilation to be performed. Secretions

Inhaled foreign material due to Unconsciousness associated with head or faciomaxillary injuries Coma from other causes persisting more than a few hours where there is difficulty in maintaining a free airway Tetanus

INDICATIONS: 4. As a preliminary to certain operations on the upper airway and surgery involving the head and neck 5. In the context of failed orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation 6. In the chronic setting, indications for tracheotomy include the long- term mechanical ventilation and tracheal toilet, Comatose patients.

ARTICLES NEEDED FOR TRACHEOSTOMY PROCEDURE

Tracheostomy set containing Toothed dissecting forceps-1 Curved mosquito forceps-2 Straight mosquito forceps-2 Artery forceps-2 Allis forceps-2 Needle holder

Double hook retractors-2 Blunt hook Cricoid hook Sharp scissors Tracheal dilator Cutting edge suture needle with cotton thread Dressing forceps Vaseline gauze

 A clean tray containing Suction catheter with connection Hand towel Kidney basin Scalpel blade-No:11 Gloves Mask

Apron Antiseptic solution Local anesthetics (Xylocaine 2%) Syringes Needles Spotlight Trachesotomy tube

Suction machine O2 supply Ambubag