Method of separation of anomaly: 1- Graphical method a- From profile: characterized by: 1- Separation is easy, especially when there are

large and small scale structures. 2- Calculated from profile of the total Bouguer anomaly.

3- Not very accurate.

Bouguer Gravity

50

60

Regional Gravity Bouguer Gravity

20

30

40

10

Residual Gravity

Distance
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Station 1 2 3 4

Bouguer 21 35 40 36

Regional 21 26 30 36

Residual 0 9 10 0

a- From Bouguer Gravity map Map: characterized by: 1- It is simple process, become difficult when there are two structures of the same size. 2- Calculated from total Bouguer map. 3- Moderately it is accurate.

Bouguer Gravity Map

70 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

160

Bouguer Gravity Regional Gravity Residual Gravity

3

Analytical methods : There are several mathematical methods used for separation. 1- Griffin method (circle and centre point). 2- Second derivative method. 3- Polynomial fitting.

4- Upward and downward continuation.

A- Griffin method: The following steps have to be followed: 1- Select a suitable circle of radius 1 cm,
2 cm, 5 cm

2- Draw the circle on the transparent paper. 3- The centre of the circle placed on a certain station, so that:

a- Four stations are located on the circumference.

b- Eight stations are located on the circumference. 4- Regional gravity is calculated by:
4

g g 2 g3 g 4 g Regional 1 for 1cm and 2 cm 4 g1 g 2 ... g8 g Regional for 5 cm 4

5- Repeat this process for all station.
6- Determine Residual by:

5
2

1cm

g Residual g station g Regional

34 36 36 37 33 33 33 37 24 29 44 41 44 41 34 34 34 34 44 43 45 43 46 46

Profile-1
Profile-2 Profile-3 Profile-4 Profile-5 Profile-6

38

31

33

33

34

38

44

39

37

45

49

48

34

35

30

33

24

44

44

34

34

44

45

46

34

35

30

33

24

44

44

34

34

44

45

46

Profile-1 Profile-2 Profile-3 Profile-4 Profile-5 Profile-6

34 35 32 34 38 44 44 34 34 44 45

Profile-1
Profile-2 Profile-3
3 -2 5 -5 3 3 5 -6 -4 3 4

Profile-4
Profile-5 Profile-6
6

Selecting Suitable circle: The most suitable separation process depend on best selection of the circle radius. There are the following cases: 1- If the diameter of the circle is too small than the maximum dimension of an anomaly. A part of residual is separated, other part mixed with the regional. AB is not suitable circle E C A F Separation process is not successful and we can know that from the regional map CD is not true residual B EF is true residual

2- If the diameter of the circle is too large than the maximum dimension of an anomaly. A part of regional is calculated regional. AB is not suitable circle E C D A F CD is not true residual EF is true residual

Separation process is not successful and we can know that from the residual map

Real residual

Residual + Part of Regional

3- If the diameter of the circle is Suitable compare to dimension of an anomaly. Residual completely separated from the Regional. AB is suitable circle E C A F D

CD is true residual=
EF is true residual B

Real residual

Real Regional