CNT116

Unit 8:
Internet Information
Services
 Objectives
• Install and configure Internet Information Services
(IIS)
• Create and configure Web-site virtual servers and
virtual directories
• Configure Web-site authentication
• Configure and maintain FTP virtual servers
• Update and maintain security for an IIS server

2
 Objectives (continued)
• Create and modify Web folders
• Install and use the Remote Administration
(HTML) tools
• Install and configure Web-based printing and
printer management
• Troubleshoot Web client-browser connectivity

3
 Installing and Configuring
Internet Information Services
• Current version is Internet Information Services
(IIS) 6.0
• IIS provides Web-related services that can be
implemented to host a corporate intranet or to
provide an Internet presence

4
 Installing and Configuring
Internet Information Services
(continued)
• IIS has four main components:
• World Wide Web (HTTP) services
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP) services
• Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) services
• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) services

5
 Installing Internet Information
Services
• IIS 6.0 is not installed by default
• Individual IIS components can be manually
installed through the Add or Remove Programs
applet in the Control Panel

6
Installing Internet Information
Services (continued)

7
 Architectural Changes in IIS
6.0
• IIS 6.0 is similar to IIS 5.0 with Windows 2000
• Changes relate to how processes are managed and
maintained and updated metabase files
• Metabase now stored in 2 standard XML files
• MetaBase.xml and MBSchema.xml
• Human-readable
• Better read performance
• Industry-standard data representation
• Found in %systemroot%\system32\inetsrv

8
Architectural Changes in IIS
6.0 (continued)

9
 Configuring Web Server
Properties
• Primary tool used for configuration of Web Server
properties is IIS MMC snap-in
• Available on Administrative Tools menu
• Default sites and services include:
• FTP Sites
• Application Pools
• Web Sites
• Web Service Extensions
• Default SMTP Virtual Server
• Default NNTP Virtual Server
10
 Creating and Configuring
Web-Site Virtual Servers
• A virtual server is a unique Web site that behaves
as if it were on a dedicated server
• IIS can support many virtual servers on a single
server
• Configuration conflicts are avoided by identifying
the IP address, TCP port, and host header name of
each Web site and ensuring that the site is
uniquely identified through these features

11
Modifying Web-Site Properties
• Individual Web site parameters can be modified
and fine-tuned through the site’s properties
• Modifying an individual site’s properties does not
affect any other sites
• Modifying an individual site’s properties overrides
any configurations set in the master properties at
the server level

12
Modifying Web-Site Properties
(continued)

13
 Creating Virtual Directories
• A virtual directory points to a shared folder on
the server
• An alias name can be created
• Hides the real directory name
• Can simplify the path to the folder
• Clients can access a virtual directory by appending
the alias name to the Web-site host name

14
Configuring Authentication for
Web Sites
• Authentication is the determination of whether or
not a user account has the proper permissions to
access a resource such as a Web site
• IIS provides five levels of authentication:
• Anonymous access
• Basic authentication
• Digest authentication
• Integrated Windows authentication
• .NET Passport authentication
15
 Anonymous Access and Basic
Authentication
• Anonymous access
• Users do not need to provide a user name and password
• Uses the IUSR_servername user account to provide
authentication credentials
• Basic authentication
• User is prompted to supply a user name and password
• User needs a valid Windows Server 2003 user account
• One drawback is that information is transmitted using
unencrypted Base64 encoding (easy to hack)

16
Digest Authentication and Integrated
Windows Authentication
• Digest authentication
• Similar to basic authentication but hashes user name
and password using MD5 algorithm
• Has specific software and Active Directory
requirements
• Integrated Windows authentication
• Does not prompt for password
• Uses client’s logged on credentials
• Used primarily for internal intranets, has specific
permissions requirements

17
 .NET Passport Authentication
and Multiple Authentications
• .NET Passport authentication
• New method currently in testing to use the .NET
Passport service
• Will require preproduction tests and a registration
process
• If multiple authentication methods are configured,
specific rules apply concerning precedence and
applicability

18
Configuring Server Certificates
and Secure Sockets Layer
• The Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol
encrypts Web traffic between a client and a Web
server
• Configured from the Directory Security tab of the
properties of a Web site
• Users access a secure server using https:// prefix
• SSL requires a server certificate from a certificate
authority or from installed certificate services

19
 Configuring FTP Virtual
Servers
• The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is used for file
transfers between computers running TCP/IP
• FTP service is included with IIS 6.0
• FTP uses two ports (TCP ports 20 and 21)
• Port 21 carries connection initiation and diagnosis
information
• Port 20 carries data
• FTP uses Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
• Connection-based protocol, session precedes data
transfer
20
 File Transfer Protocol
• Features of TCP include:
• Sending computer waits for an acknowledgement and
retransmits data if it is not received
• Packets are assigned a sequence number
• Packets contain a checksum for ensuring integrity
• FTP requires a server running FTP server software
and clients must run FTP client software
• There are many free and shareware utilities that
can be downloaded for running FTP

21
 Configuring FTP Properties
• Multiple FTP sites can be configured on a single
IIS 6.0 server
• Each site operates independently and runs
transparently
• Each site has property sheets that can be
customized independently

22
Configuring FTP Properties
(continued)

23
 Updating and Maintaining
Security for an IIS Server
• Sensitivity to security issues is always important
for information published on the Internet
• Issues of importance in security and maintenance
for an IIS server:
• Alternatives to securing access to information
• Performing backups
• Stopping and starting IIS related services
• Applying updates

24
 Resource Permissions
• Two types of permissions to secure Web resources
• NTFS permissions
• IIS permissions
• The effective permission is always the most
restrictive of configured permissions
• NTFS permissions
• Normal NTFS file permissions can be applied to Web
pages and virtual directories
• Can be assigned to users and groups individually

25
 Resource Permissions
(continued)
• IIS permissions
• Always global
• Can be configured for Web sites and FTP virtual
servers, virtual directories, physical directories, files
• Can set Read and/or Write permissions
• Can set Execute permission if site contains scripts or
executables

26
 IP Address and Domain Name
Security
• Can secure Web content by controlling access
based on the IP address of the client
• Access can be explicitly granted or denied
• Access can be controlled for a specific IP address
or a range of IP addresses

27
 Starting and Stopping Services and
Backing UP the IIS Configuration
• IIS 6.0 allows you to start and stop services
through the IIS console
• IIS 6.0 stores configuration settings in the IIS
metabase that can be backed up
• Using the Backup utility in the IIS console
• By copying contents of the backup directory to a folder
• By exporting contents using the metabase editor
• By using the IISBACK.VBS script
• By backing up System State data using Backup utility

28
 Updating IIS 6.0
• Common updates to IIS are service packs and hot
fixes
• Before updating, perform a full backup of server
• Updates are often released to fix security issues
• Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer helps
determine which IIS hot fixes are installed

29
 Creating and Modifying Web
Folders
• A Web folder is a shared folder designed to be
accessed using HTTP or FTP
• Use the Web Sharing tab of the folder Properties
to configure the folder
• Web folders can use an alias name
• The Edit Alias dialog box allows you to set the name,
access permissions, and application permissions
• Network clients can open a Web-based file using
• Internet Explorer, My Network Places, Microsoft
Office XP

30
 Installing and Using Remote
Administration (HTML) Tools
• Remote Administration (HTML) tools support the
ability to manage IIS servers remotely via a Web
browser interface
• On Windows Server 2003, these tools are not
installed by default
• Tools must added manually via the Add/Remove
Windows Components feature of Control Panel

31
 Installing and Configuring
Internet Printing
• Internet Printing Protocol (IPP)
• Allows printers to be managed via a Web browser
• Allows clients to send print jobs using HTTP
• Requires the installation of IIS and the Internet
Printing component
• Internet Printing requires that the Internet Printing
Web Service Extension and the Active Server
Pages Extension be explicitly enabled

32
 Troubleshooting Web Client
Connectivity Problems
• Client access problems are not uncommon
• If a user is unable to access an IIS Server
• Check TCP/IP configuration settings, proxy settings,
connections, set up error messages, use a protocol
analyzer
• If a user is unable to access a Web or FTP site
• Check permissions, authentication methods, IP address
and domain name restrictions, connection limits, port
numbers, user accounts, invalid cached DNS
information

33
 Summary
• Internet Information Services (IIS) 6.0 is an
application in Windows Server 2003 used to
develop and host Web- and FTP-based services
• Four main components to IIS: World Wide Web
(HTTP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Network
News Transfer Protocol (NNTP), and Simple
Main Transfer Protocol (SMTP) services
• IIS components must be manually installed

34
 Summary (continued)
• IIS configuration information is stored in two
XML files known as the metabase
• The IIS MMC snap-in (the IIS Manager tool) is
the primary tool for IIS configuration
• Virtual servers are unique Web or FTP sites that
behave as though they are on dedicated servers
• IIS provides five levels of authentication to
validate users trying to access a Web site
• Web communications can be encrypted using the
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol
35
 Summary (continued)
• To maintain an IIS server, an administrator should
use security features, perform backups, start and
stop IIS services, and apply updates
• Remote Administration (HTML) tools are used to
manage IIS 6.0 servers remotely
• The Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) allows
printers to be managed via Web browser and
allows clients to sent print jobs using HTTP
• Configurations can cause user access problems to
either an IIS Server or a Web or FTP site, note the
things to check first
36