Automatic Medicine Vending Machine

Acknowledgement

We would never have been able to finish our design project without the guidance of our professors, help from friends, and support from our families.

We would like to express our deepest gratitude to our kind adviser Engr. Ma. Rosario Garcia for her excellent guidance, caring, patience, and providing us with an excellent atmosphere for doing research and advice for all the improvements of our design project. We would also like to thank all our past and present instructors who let us became strong to face all the trials that we encountered.

Personal thanks to Mr. Abbey Chua, technical support representative of E-Gizmo who patiently answered our entire questions regarding on the Arduino Microcontroller. We would also like to thank Dean Elmerito Pineda for giving us knowledge in programming, Engr. Lhorelie Arcega for helping us to develop our background in Advance Logic Circuit and Computer Architecture, Engr. Palmer De Leon, Engr. Wilfredo Mapalo and Engr. Robert Melgarejo for giving us an smooth foundation in circuits and electronics. These subjects are very helpful for our design project.

We also like to thank our parents, brothers and sisters for their moral support, for always there whenever we need them. And last but surely not on the least we would like to thank the Lord God for putting us where we are right now. Without HIM, EVERYTHING WILL BE NOTHING.

Abstract

The main purpose of designing our project was to create an automatic medicine vending machine which could provide three different medicines to the people using extremely simple steps. These steps would not be time consuming at all. Our project is user friendly in such a way that users can easily operate it.
Despite a few difficulties and a lot of support from our adviser we were able to incorporate our program and have a automatic medicine vending machine which could actually be implemented in actual sense.

Chapter 1 The Problem and its Background

Introduction Statement of the Problem Objectives Significance of the Study Scope and Limitation

INTRODUCTION
Automation is a technique of making an apparatus, a process, or a system operate automatically. It reduced transaction time and human errors. Automation in Information System is an assembly of computer hardware, software, firmware, or any combination of these, configured to accomplish specific information-handling operations, such as communication, computation, dissemination, processing, and storage of information.

Examples:
Computers Word processing systems Networks Or other electronic information handling systems, and associated equipment.

This can result in a machine with well integrated processes that can perform much faster than a manual machine.

Vending machines are coin-operated machines that can dispense snacks, drinks, sandwiches, coffee, tea and other products. These are an extremely convenient outlet for the industry known as automatic retailing. We find vending machines in public buildings, transportation hubs and subways, at gas stations, courthouses, hospitals. Any place that people gather, pass by, or must wait, is a good location. In our vending machine, we have tried to incorporate medicines. It is possible for the people to buy medicine of his/her needs in the machine.

Automatic Medicine Vending Machine is a good example of a computer generated process. This can lessen the workload of most pharmacists and provide the customers of the medicine they need. As a result it will benefit not only the people who suffer headaches, colds and diarrhea but the community as a whole.

Statement of the Problem

Automatic Medicine Vending Machine is very essential in a community. In the case of some pharmacists or drugstore they used manual system in getting the needs of the customers. Pharmacists write down the needs of the customer in the order form. In fact if they have many customers, they cannot immediately accommodate them. Above our observation, human interventions will highly involve in this type of situation. As a result, this may involve errors and redundancy of orders resulting troubles in the drugstore

Specific Problems
The following are the specific problems encountered by the users from using the current manual vending machine

Time Consuming More effort needed

Objective of the Study

The main objective of the study is to design a simple automatic medicine vending machine architecture that will serve as an improved version of the existing machine and will be a flexible, dynamic, and fully functional one for the users.

Specific Objectives
The proposed system specifically aims to: To have an automatic medicine vending machine that will not take so much time. To implement general and appropriate medicine vending machine. To give immediate response to users needs.

Significance of the Study

For the Community
The presence of vending machines in our society is very important, since most of us usually depend on them for convenience in providing us with products we take. . In our case the proposed project will aimed to benefit the entire community if their experienced unexpected emergencies like headaches, colds, and diarrhea. This automated medicine vending machines is a machine that dispense medicines that dont need the prescription of the doctor. These machines are around us to cater with our needs whenever we need them. Because of the fast-pace society we live in, we also need fast-paced machines to give us what we need.

 For the Proponents It gives them a chance to apply the knowledge they acquired in their years of studying, specifically designing a program using a Windows-based programming language like Java. It also gives them opportunity to enhance and practice their ability and creativity in improving a manual machine. For those who will conduct further study and use this instrument For the future researchers, this study could be used for their reference in having an automated medicine vending machine if they would like to formulate a project such as this.

Scope and Limitation

Scope

- The proposed automatic medicine vending machine design covers the major process in giving the needs of the users namely: choosing of medicines, dispensing of the products, easy transactions, and displaying some important instructions using the LCD.
- Since one of the specific objectives of the proponents is to lessen time transaction. The design project will allow a timer that will be set 1 to 3 seconds to dispense the medicine.

- The design project can serve three different kinds of medicines like neozep, medicol and diatabs according to what the customer needs.

 Limitation
- Now lets come to delimitation, the design project will not be able to accept paper bills, 1 peso coin and a 10 peso coin. It is set to 5 peso coin only. - The design project was not design to give change. - The design project was not design to give warning if the medicines are out of stock

Chapter 2 Conceptual Framework

Related Literature Related Studies Conceptual Framework Definition of Terms

Related Literature
Topics to be Discussed: Arduino and Gizduino Microcontroller Stepper Motor LCD Display Medicine

Arduino and Gizduino Microcontroller

The Arduino microcontroller is an easy to use yet powerful single board computer that has gained considerable traction in the hobby and professional market. The Arduino is open-source, which means hardware is reasonably priced and development software is free. The Arduino project was started in Italy to develop low cost hardware for interaction design.

 Arduino is a single-board microcontroller designed to make the process of using electronics in multidisciplinary projects more accessible. The hardware consists of a simple open source hardware board designed around an 8-bit Atmel AVR microcontroller, though a new model has been designed around a 32-bit Atmel ARM. The software consists of a standard programming language compiler and a boot loader that executes on the microcontroller. Arduino boards can be purchased pre-assembled or do-it-yourself kits. Hardware design information is available for those who would like to assemble an Arduino by hand. There are sixteen official Arduinos that have been commercially produced to date. Numerous hardware variations of the Arduino are being sold by third parties.

 GizDuino is an Arduino compatible

microcontroller board proudly made in the Philippines. It is designed and exclusively manufactured by e-Gizmo Mechatronix Central. To put it simpler, it is an e-Gizmo version of Arduino. Thats why its called GizDuino. That means, all the functions, capabilities, pin-outs and board size of the original Arduino is exactly the same with GizDuino.

The only major difference between Arduino and GizDuino except from the spelling is its price. Arduino costs as much as 1400 PHP while GizDuino costs 662 PHP. Such a huge difference. Another difference is the USB driver. Arduino uses FTDI chip for its USB driver while Gizduino uses PL2303 Prolific driver. Both are multi-platform so it really doesnt matter of what driver we use as long as we install the correct driver on our computer thats compatible the operating system we use.

Stepper Motor
A stepper motor is an electromechanical device which converts electrical pulses into discrete mechanical movements. The shaft or spindle of a stepper motor rotates in discrete step increments when electrical command pulses are applied to it in the proper sequence. The motors rotation has several direct relationships to these applied input pulses. The sequence of the applied pulses is directly related to the direction of motor shafts rotation. The speed of the motor shafts rotation is directly related to the frequency of the input pulses and the length of rotation is directly related to the number of input pulses applied.

16x2 LCD Display

A flat panel display, electronic visual display, or video display that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals. Liquid crystals do not emit light directly. LCDs are available to display arbitrary images or fixed images which can be displayed or hidden, such as preset words, digits, and 7-segment displays as in a digital clock. They use the same basic technology, except that arbitrary images are made up of a large number of small pixels, while other displays have larger elements.

Medicines
The applied science or practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. It encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness in human beings. Contemporary medicine applies health science, biomedical research, and medical technology to diagnose and treat injury and disease, typically through medication or surgery, but also through therapies as diverse as psychotherapy, external splints & traction, prostheses, biologics, ionizing radiation and others.

 A prescription drug is a licensed medicine that is regulated by legislation to require a medical prescription before it can be obtained. The term is used to distinguish it from over-the-counter drugs which can be obtained without a prescription. Different jurisdictions have different definitions of what constitutes a prescription drug.

Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are medicines that may be sold directly to a consumer without a prescription from a healthcare professional, as compared to prescription drugs, which may be sold only to consumers possessing a valid prescription. In many countries, OTC drugs are selected by a regulatory agency to ensure that they are ingredients that are safe and effective when used without a physician's care. OTC drugs are usually regulated by active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), not final products.

Related Studies
Topics to be Discussed: Full-Line Vending Machine

Bulk and Candy Machine

Full-Line Vending Machine

A full-line vending company may set up several types of vending machines that sell a wide range of products. Products may include candy, cookies, chips, fresh fruit, milk, cold food, coffee and other hot drinks, bottles, cans of soda, and even frozen products like ice cream. These products can be sold from machines that include coffee, snack, cold food, 20-oz. bottle machines, and glass-front bottle machines. Almost all machines accept bills with more and more machines accepting $5 bills. This is an advantage to the vendor because it virtually eliminates the need for a bill changer. Larger corporations with cafeterias will often request full line vending with food service.

Bulk and Candy Vending Machine

Bulk candy machines are mechanical machines that vend a handful of candy, a bouncy ball, or perhaps a capsule with a small toy or jewelry, for one or two coins. The items may be unsorted; in that case what the customer exactly gets is subject to chance. In other instances, the customer is guaranteed a specific type of candy.

Conceptual Framework

 Parts of Conceptual Framework 1. INPUT * This allows a user to specify the data needed by the program. Observation * This is where data gathering occurs by asking questions for much needed information from the interviewee verbally and directly Research * Systematic investigative process employed to increase or revise current knowledge by discovering new facts

2. PROCESS * A collection of interrelated work tasks initiated in response to an event that achieves a specific result for the customer of the process. Interview * A conversation between two or more people where questions are asked by the interviewer to elicit facts or statements from the interviewee. We interviewed Mr. Abby Chua of E-gizmo to ask some important information regarding the arduino microcontroller, like how to connect the stepper motor and the LCD to the microcontroller. He also gives ideas on how to maximize the use of the microcontroller. Survey * A data collection tool used to gather information about individuals. A survey may focus on factual information about individuals, or it might aim to collect the opinions of the survey takers. We conduct survey about the manual vending machines.

SURVEY FORM
YES NO

Are you approved of the idea of having some vendIng machine at the places where pharmacy is out of reach? Are you in a situation wherein there are so many people in drugstore? Can vending machine be accurate as a pharmacist? is the manual vending machine can consider as a user friendly machine? Can vending machine helps you to have the medicine you need easily? Is it a good idea to have automatic medicine vendo machine? Do you think it will benefit the community to have automatic maedicine vendo machine? Do you think it can lessen effort and time consuming? Do you think this automatic medicine vending machine is reliable?

3. Output Our proposed design project automatic medicine vending machine

Definition of Terms
Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) A vacuum tube containing an electron gun and a fluorescent screen used to view images. It has a means to accelerate and deflect the electron beam onto the fluorescent screen to create the images. The image may represent electrical waveforms pictures radar targets and others. CRTs have also been used as memory devices, in which case the visible light emitted from the fluorescent material is not intended to have significant meaning to a visual observer.

 Bulk
- A large or corpulent human body
- An organized structure especially when viewed primarily as a mass of material

- A ponderous shapeless mass

 Counterintuitive
Means contrary to what seems intuitively right or correct. A counterintuitive proposition is one that does not seem likely to be true when assessed using intuition or gut feelings. Scientifically discovered, objective truths are often called counterintuitive when intuition, emotions, and other cognitive processes outside of deductive rationality interpret them to be wrong.

 Transistor-Transistor Logic

Transistortransistor logic (TTL) is a class of digital circuits built from bipolar junction transistors and resistors. It is called transistortransistor logic because both the logic gating function and the amplifying function are performed by transistors. TTL became the foundation of computers and other digital electronics. Even after much larger scale integrated circuits made multiplecircuit-board processors obsolete, TTL devices still found extensive use as the "glue" logic interfacing more densely integrated components.

 Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients

Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are defined as the chemicals used in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical drugs. APIs include substances manufactured by processes such as: Chemical synthesis, Fermentation process, Recombinant DNA or other biotechnology method, Isolation/recovery from natural sources or any combination of these processes

Chapter 3 Methodology

Project Structure Project Development

Project Structure

Project Development
In terms of Organizational Chart Team Leader: Typically the project will be divided into various sub-teams each with its own Team Leader. Team Leaders would be responsible for the management and coaching of that sub-team. They may also have responsibility for managing and tracking the detailed sub-plan for their team. Hardware Team: They are responsible for monitoring all the necessary tools, equipment or machines that will going to use to prevent delay on the flow of activities.

Project Office: The "Project Office" provides supporting shared services to the Project Manager and to the overall Project Team. Often this function has a manager plus support staff. Typical responsibilities include controlling and tracking the detailed plan, managing documentation, preparing reports, etc. It may also be the place to house part-time specialists supporting the team, for example, a Training Designer.
Software Team: They are specialists in the creation of solution components. Again, there will be different types of developer depending upon what is being developed.

Documentation Team: Responsible in the creation of accurate usable documentation - both for the day-to-day use of the solution and as design documentation for future reference. Documentation in modern solutions will normally be supported electronically, that is using workflow software and context-sensitive help information. Finance Team: This team holds the responsibility of holding all the necessary money of the design project. They will also deal with procurement, sub-contractor expenditure, joint venture accounting, progress tracking and financial reporting.

 In terms of Software Development Analysis: All possible requirements of the system to be developed are captured in this phase. Requirements are a set of functions and constraints that the end user expects from the system. The requirements are gathered from the end user at the start of the software development phase. These requirements are analyzed for their validity, and the possibility of incorporating the requirements in the system to be developed is also studied. Finally, a requirement specification document is created which serves the purpose of guideline for the next phase of the model.

Software requirements specification: A requirements specification for a software system, is a complete description of the behaviour of a system to be developed and may include a set of use cases that describe interactions the users will have with the software. In addition it also contains non-functional requirements. Non-functional requirements impose constraints on the design or implementation. The software requirements specification document enlists all necessary requirements that are required for the project development. To derive the requirements we need to have clear and thorough understanding of the products to be developed. This is prepared after detailed communications with the project team and customer.

Design: Design is the creation of a plan or convention for the construction of an object or a system. Design has different connotations in different fields. In some cases the direct construction of an object is also considered to be design.

Implementation: Is the realization of an application, or execution of a plan, idea, model, design, specification, standard, algorithm, or policy.

Testing and Integration: Which individual software modules are combined and tested as a group. It occurs after unit testing and before validation testing. Integration testing takes as its input modules that have been unit tested, groups them in larger aggregates, applies tests defined in an integration test plan to those aggregates, and delivers as its output the integrated system ready for system testing.

Maintenance: This phase is virtually a never-ending phase. Generally, problems with the system come up after its practical use starts, so the issues related to the system are solved after deployment of the system. Not all the problems come into picture directly but they arise from time to time and need to be solved; hence this process is referred to as maintenance.

Chapter 4 Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

Hardware and Software Design Characteristic of the System

 User Friendly and Accuracy of the System User Friendly is the extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction in a specified context of use. The word "usability" also refers to methods for improving ease-of-use during the design process. This includes the following:

 Learnability: How easy is it for users to accomplish basic tasks the first time they encounter the design?
Efficiency: Once users have learned the design, how quickly can they perform tasks?

Memorability: When users return to the design after a period of not using it, how easily can theyre establish proficiency? Errors: How many errors do users make, how severe are these errors, and how easily can they recover from the errors? Satisfaction: How pleasant is it to use the design?

Chapter 5 Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Recommendation

Summary of Findings Conclusion Recommendation Users Manual Evaluation Form

Summary
The study was begun in analysing the problem regarding the manual vending machine. With the aid of interviews, researches, surveys and keen observations, we discover problems such as manual vending machine takes so much time to dispense the product, we also noticed that they are many customers in drugstores to buy their needs; this can cause unsettled business to each customers. On the other hand, we also notice that they are many manual vending machine that is unreliable and not user friendly. All of these problems are the effects of manual vending machine. These problems are the root cause, for us to design automatic medicine vending machine. By means of diagrams such as DFDs and Flowcharts with theories like descriptive research study, the automatic medicine vending machine will merge in relative processes.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES

Source Code Work Breakdown Gantt Chart