Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Lecture #8
Monday, Feb. 13, 2006
Dr. Jaehoon Yu
• Capacitors and Capacitance
• Capacitors in Series or Parallel
• Electric Energy Storage
• Electric Energy Density
• Dielectric
• Effect of Dielectric Material
Q
C is 4 0 rb
• So its capacitance V
• Single conductor alone is not considered
as aFeb.capacitor.
Monday, 13, 2006 There
PHYS must
1444-501, Spring 2006be another 3
Dr. Jaehoon Yu
Capacitors in Series or Parallel
• Capacitors are used in may electric circuits
• What is an electric circuit?
– A closed path of conductors, usually wires
connecting capacitors and other electrical
devices, in which
• charges can flow
• And includes a voltage source such as a battery
• Capacitors can be connected in various
ways.
– In parallel and in Series or in
combination
Case #2
:
constant
Q
• Constant voltage: Experimentally observed that
the total charge on the each plate of the
capacitor increases by K as the dielectric
material is inserted between the gap Q=KQ0
– The capacitance increased to C=Q/V0=KQ0/V0=KC0
• Constant charge: Voltage found to drop by a
factor
Monday, K13,2006
Feb. V=V0PHYS
/K 1444-501, Spring 2006 15
Dr. Jaehoon Yu
Effect of a Dielectric
Material on Field
• What happens to the electric field
within a dielectric? V0
E0
• Without a dielectric, the fieldd is
– What are V0 and d?
• V0: Potential difference between the two plates
• d: separation between the two plates
• For the constant voltage, the electric
field remains the same
• For the constant charge: the V V0
voltage E0
E ED
drops to V=V E/K, thus the fieldd indK
the K
ED 0 0
K 1444-501, Spring 2006
dielectric is
Monday, Feb. 13, 2006 PHYS
Dr. Jaehoon Yu
16
Example 24 – 8
Dielectric Removal: A parallel-plate capacitor,
filled with a dielectric with K=3.4, is connected to
a 100-V battery. After the capacitor is fully
charged, the battery is disconnected. The plates
have area A=4.0m2, and are separated by
d=4.0mm. (a) Find the capacitance, the charge
on the capacitor, the electric field strength, and
the energy stored in the capacitor. (b) The
dielectric is carefully removed, without changing
the plate separation nor does any charge leave 2
A K0 A
(a) C Find
the capacitor.
d d
3.4
the 8.85
new 10 12
value 4.0m
C 2ofN capacitance,
m 2 3
10 m
4.0plates
3.0 10 8
F 30nF
electric field strength, voltage between the
and the
Q energy
CV 3.0stored
108 F in the
100V capacitor.
3.0 106 C 3.0 C
V 100V 4
E 3
2.5 10 V m
d 4.0 10 m
1
U CV 2
2
1
2
3.0 108 F 100V 1.5 104 J
2
2 2K 2
Wron
The energy conservation law is violated Wron
g!
Where did the Wron
in electricity??? g!
extra energy
Monday, Feb. 13, 2006
ExternalPHYS has done the work of 3.6x10-4J g!
1444-501, Spring 2006
force 18
on the
come from?. Dr. Jaehoon Yu
system to remove dielectric!!