CHAPTER FOURTEEN MASONRY

PRESENTED BY:
MUHAMMAD USMAN AKRAM CE & M 11

Masonry Units

Masonry units that are commonly used for construction include brick, concrete masonry units , and stone, either natural or artificial. Masonry units are available in several sizes, grades and textures

Estimation the cost of Masonry

In estimating the cost of a structure to be constructed entirely or partly of masonry units , the estimator should determine separately and cost of each kind of unit required. The quantities of masonry units should include an allowance for waste .

Mortar

Mortar for masonry units is made by mixing Portland cement with lime or masonry cement , and sand. Sand acts as a filler and also contributes to the strength of the mix. Mortar is designated as ASTM types M,S,N,O and Pl. The M type is high-strength, The S type used for structures requiring high flexural bond strength , The N type mortar is used in medium-strength, The type O is used in low strength. Colored mortar is obtained by adding a color pigment to the mortar mix. The cost is minimal

Size and Quantities of Bricks

Manufactured in many shapes, sizes, colors and texture. The costs are usually based on 1000 units. Bricks are designated as non modular or modular Non modular bricks are solid bricks ,used for load bearing walls. Standard size of non modular bricks is 2 in. high,3 in. deep and 8 in.long.

Size and Quantities of Bricks Cont.

Modular Bricks have three and more holes Normally used for non load bearing walls

Pattern Bonds

Oriented in Various positions for construction of walls

Laid with long dimension in horizontal place is called stretcher Laid with long dimension in vertical place is called soldier Laid with their ends exposed to exterior is called header

Pattern Bonds

Types of Joints for Brick Masonry

Estimating Mortar For Bricks

The quantity of brick required per square foot of wall will depend on the size of brick and size of horizontal and vertical mortar joints. Actual manufactured sizes of these bricks is less than the nominal dimensions. Volume per brick Volume per brick= (L + H + t) x t x D Most estimators add 20 to 25 percent for mortar waste

Cleaning Brick Masonary

Brick masonry can be cleaned by several methods

Bucket and brush by hand High water pressure cleaning Sand Blasting

Labor Laying Bricks

The labor-hours required to lay bricks vary with a number of factors Quality of Work Type of bricks Kind of mortar uses Shape of walls Bond Pattern Weather Conditions

Concrete Masonry Units

Concrete masonry units (CMUs) are concrete blocks that are manufactured in various sizes from Portland cement, sand, and gravel, or cement and lightweight aggregates Can be either solid or hollow The most common nominal size of a CMU is 8 in. x 8 in. x 16 in. The actually size usually will be 3/8 in. less than nominal sizes.

Concrete Masonry Units Cont.

CMU are laid by masons. Bond Beam A mason and a helper working to gather should be able to install 15 lin ft of bond beam per hour. Expansion or control joints

Stone Masonry
Several kinds of stone, both natural and artificial are used in structures such as buildings, walls,.etc. Natural stones used for construction includes sandstone,limestone,dolomite,marble,.e tc. The mortar is similar to that used of brick masonry.

Cost of Stone
The cost of stone depends Kind of Stone Methods of Stone Cutting Location of Use

Thank You