Power Electronics

Lecture (7)
Prof. Mohammed Zeki Khedher
Department of Electrical Engineering
University of Jordan
1
Single-Phase Full-Wave Diode Rectifier
Center-Tap Diode Rectifier
t
e e
t
t
m
m dc
V
t d t V V
2
sin
1
0
= =
}
R
V
I
m
dc
t
2
=
( )
2
sin
1
0
2
m
m rms
V
t d t V V = =
}
t
e e
t
R
V
I
m
rms
2
=
PIV of each diode = m
V 2
R
V
I I
m
D S
2
= =
Example 3. The rectifier in Fig.2.8 has a purely resistive load
of R Determine (a) The efficiency, (b) Form factor (c) Ripple
factor (d) TUF (e) Peak inverse voltage (PIV) of diode D1
and(f) Crest factor of transformer secondary current.
% 05 . 81
2
*
2
2
*
2
*
*
= = = =
R
V V
R
V V
I V
I V
P
P
m m
m m
rms rms
dc dc
ac
dc
t t
q
11 . 1
2 2
2
2
= = = =
t
t
m
m
dc
rms
V
V
V
V
FF
483 . 0 1 11 . 1 1
2 2
= = = = FF
V
V
RF
dc
ac
The PIV is
m
V 2
Single-Phase Full Bridge Diode Rectifier With Resistive Load
Example 4 single-phase diode bridge rectfier has a purely resistive load
of R=15 ohms and, VS=300 sin 314 t and unity transformer ratio.
Determine (a) The efficiency, (b) Form factor, (c) Ripple factor, (d) The
peak inverse voltage, (PIV) of each diode, , and, (e) Input power factor.
V
V
t d t V V
m
m dc
956 . 190
2
sin
1
0
= = =
}
t
e e
t
t
A
R
V
I
m
dc
7324 . 12
2
= =
t
( ) V
V
t d t V V
m
m rms
132 . 212
2
sin
1
2 / 1
0
2
= =
(
(

=
}
t
e e
t
% 06 . 81 = = =
rms rms
dc dc
ac
dc
I V
I V
P
P
q
11 . 1 = =
dc
rms
V
V
FF
482 . 0 1 1
2
2
2
2 2
= = =

= = FF
V
V
V
V V
V
V
RF
dc
rms
dc
dc rms
dc
ac
The PIV=300V
Input power factor =
1
cos Re
= =
S S
S S
I V
I V
Power Apperant
Power al |
Comparision between Single
Phase Rectifiers
Half wave Full wave Fullwave
center-tap bridge
Peak repetitive reverse voltage VRRM 3.14Vdc 3.14 Vdc 1.57 Vdc
Rms input voltage per transformer leg Vs 2.22 Vdc 1.11 Vdc 1.11 Vdc
Diode average current IF.AV. 1.00 Idc 0.50 Idc 0.50 Idc
Diode rms current IF.RMS. 1.57 Idc 0.785 Idc 0.785 Idc
Form factor of diode current IF.RMS. 1.57 1.57 1.57
Rectification ratio 0.405 0.81 0.81
Form factor 1.57 1.11 1.11
Ripple factor 1.21 0.482 0.482
Transformer rating primary VA 2.69 Pdc 1.23 Pdc 1.23 Pdc
Transformer rating secondary VA 3.49 Pdc 1.75 Pdc 1.23 Pdc
Output ripple frequency fr 1 fi 2 fi 2 fi
Multi-phase Rectifier
Three-Phase Half Wave Rectifier
m
m
m dc
V
V
t d t V V 827 . 0
2
3 3
sin
2
3
6 / 5
6 /
= = =
}
t
e e
t
t
t
R
V
R
V
I
m m
dc
* 827 . 0
* * 2
3 3
= =
t
( )
m m m rms
V V t d t V V 8407 . 0
8
3 * 3
2
1
sin
2
3
6 / 5
6 /
2
= + = =
}
t
e e
t
t
t
R
V
I
m
rms
8407 . 0
=
R
V
R
V
I I
m m
S r
4854 . 0
3
08407
= = =
ThePIV of the diodes is
m LL
V V 3 2 =
Example A 3-phase star rectifier is operated from 460
V 50 Hz supply at secondary side and the load O
resistance is R=20. If the source inductance is
negligible, determine (a) Rectification efficiency, (b)
Form factor (c) Ripple factor (d) Peak inverse voltage
(PIV) of each diode.
V V V V
m S
59 . 375 2 * 58 . 265 , 58 . 265
3
460
= = = =
m
m
dc
V
V
V 827 . 0
2
3 3
= =
t R
V
R
V
I
m m
dc
0827
2
3 3
= =
t
m rms
V V 8407 . 0 =
R
V
I
m
rms
8407 . 0
=
% 767 . 96 = = =
rms rms
dc dc
ac
dc
I V
I V
P
P
q
% 657 . 101 = =
dc
rms
V
V
FF
% 28 . 18 1 1
2
2
2
2 2
= = =

= = FF
V
V
V
V V
V
V
RF
dc
rms
dc
dc rms
dc
ac
The PIV=
3
V
m
=650.54V
Three-Phase Full Wave Rectifier With Resistive Load
1
3
5
4 6 2
b
c
I
L
V
L
I
s
I
p
a
Example 10 The 3-phase bridge rectifier is operated from 460
V 50 Hz supply and the load resistance is R=20ohms. If the
source inductance is negligible, determine (a) The efficiency,
(b) Form factor (c) Ripple factor (d) Peak inverse voltage
(PIV) of each diode .
V V
V
V
m
m
dc
226 . 621 654 . 1
3 3
= = =
t
A
R
V
R
V
I
m m
dc
0613 . 31
654 . 1 3 3
= = =
t
V V V V
m m rms
752 . 621 6554 . 1
4
3 * 9
2
3
= = + =
t
A
R
V
I
m
rms
0876 . 31
6554 . 1
= =
% 83 . 99 = = =
rms rms
dc dc
ac
dc
I V
I V
P
P
q
% 08 . 100 = =
dc
rms
V
V
FF
% 4 1 1
2
2
2
2 2
= = =

= = FF
V
V
V
V V
V
V
RF
dc
rms
dc
dc rms
dc
ac
The PIV=
3
V
m
=650.54V
Single phase rectifier 3 phase rectifier
Performance:
3-phase bridge rectifier with
RL load

Condition for continuous load current