Chapter 8

Securing Information Systems

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Management Information Systems

Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Analyze why information systems need special protection from destruction, error, and abuse. Assess the business value of security and control. Design an organizational framework for security and control. Evaluate the most important tools and technologies for safeguarding information resources.

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Management Information Systems

Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems Phishing: A Costly New Sport for Internet Users

Problem: Large number of vulnerable users of online

financial services, ease of creating bogus Web sites. Solutions: Deploy anti-phishing software and services and a multilevel authentication system to identify threats and reduce phishing attempts. Deploying new tools, technologies, and security procedures, along with educating consumers, increases reliability and customer confidence. Demonstrates ITs role in combating cyber crime. Illustrates digital technology as part of a multilevel solution as well as its limitations in overcoming discouraged consumers.
2007 by Prentice Hall

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Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems SYSTEM VULNERABILITY AND ABUSE

Why Systems Are Vulnerable Contemporary Security Challenges and Vulnerabilities

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Figure 8-1

2007 by Prentice Hall

Management Information Systems

Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems

SYSTEM VULNERABILITY AND ABUSE

Why Systems Are Vulnerable (Continued) Internet Vulnerabilities: Use of fixed Internet addresses through use of cable modems or DSL Lack of encryption with most Voice over IP (VoIP) Widespread use of e-mail and instant messaging (IM)

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Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems SYSTEM VULNERABILITY AND ABUSE

Wireless Security Challenges:

Radio frequency bands are easy to scan The service set identifiers (SSID) identifying the access points broadcast multiple times

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Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems SYSTEM VULNERABILITY AND ABUSE

Malicious Software: Viruses, Worms, and Spyware

Hackers and Cybervandalism Computer viruses, worms, Spyware

Identity theft, phishing, pharming Cyberterrorism and Cyberwarfare Vulnerabilities from internal threats (employees); software flaws

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Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems BUSINESS VALUE OF SECURITY AND CONTROL

Inadequate security and control may create serious legal liability. Businesses must protect not only their own information assets but also those of customers, employees, and business partners. Failure to do so can lead to costly litigation for data exposure or theft. A sound security and control framework that protects business information assets can thus produce a high return on investment.
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Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems

ESTABLISHING A MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL

Types of Information Systems Controls

General controls:
Software and hardware Computer operations Data security Systems implementation process
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Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems

ESTABLISHING A MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL

Application controls:
Input

Processing
Output

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Chapter 10 Security and Control

ESTABLISHING A MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL

Security Profiles for a Personnel System

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Figure 8-4

2007 by Prentice Hall

Management Information Systems

Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems

ESTABLISHING A MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL

Ensuring Business Continuity Disaster recovery planning: Plans for restoration of computing and communications disrupted by an event such as an earthquake, flood, or terrorist attack Business continuity planning: Plans for handling mission-critical functions if systems go down

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Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL

Access Control

Access control: Consists of all the policies and procedures a company uses to prevent improper access to systems by unauthorized insiders and outsiders
Authentication: Passwords

Biometric authentication
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Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL

Firewalls, Intrusion Detection Systems, and Antivirus Software Firewalls: Hardware and software controlling flow of incoming and outgoing network traffic Intrusion detection systems: Full-time monitoring tools placed at the most vulnerable points of corporate networks to detect and deter intruders

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Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL

Firewalls, Intrusion Detection Systems, and Antivirus Software (Continued) Antivirus software: Software that checks computer systems and drives for the presence of computer viruses and can eliminate the virus from the infected area

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Chapter 10 Security and ContrChapter 8 Securing Information Systems ol TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL

A Corporate Firewall

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Figure 8-6

2007 by Prentice Hall

Management Information Systems

Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems

TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL

Encryption and Public Key Infrastructure

Public key encryption: Uses two different keys, one private and one public. The keys are mathematically related so that data encrypted with one key can be decrypted using only the other key
Message integrity: The ability to be certain that the

message being sent arrives at the proper destination without being copied or changed
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Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL

Encryption and Public Key Infrastructure (Continued) Digital signature: A digital code attached to an electronically transmitted message that is used to verify the origin and contents of a message

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Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL

Encryption and Public Key Infrastructure (Continued)

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and its successor Transport Layer Security (TLS): protocols for secure information transfer over the Internet; enable client and server computer encryption and decryption activities as they communicate during a secure Web session. Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (S-HTTP): used for encrypting data flowing over the Internet; limited to Web documents, whereas SSL and TLS encrypt all data being passed between client and server.
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Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems TECHNOLOGIES AND TOOLS FOR SECURITY AND CONTROL

Public Key Encryption

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Figure 8-7

2007 by Prentice Hall

Management Information Systems

Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems Systems Vulnerability and Abuse

Worldwide Damage from Digital Attacks

This chart shows estimates of the average annual worldwide damage from hacking, malware, and spam since 1999. These data are based on figures from mi2G and the authors.

Figure 8-3
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2007 by Prentice Hall