Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
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Delay
VoIP typically tolerates delays up to 150 ms before the quality of the call degrades.
Jitter
Instantaneous buffer use causes delay variation in the same voice stream.
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Consistent Throughput
Throughput is the amount of data transmitted between two nodes in a given period. Throughput is a function of bandwidth, error performance, congestion, and other factors. Tools for enhanced voice throughput include:
Queuing
Congestion avoidance
Header compression RSVP Fragmentation
IP Telephony
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Reordering of Packets
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Carrier-class performance
Gateways must have redundancy and QoS support.
Scalability
Gateways must support rapid growth.
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RTP header compression saves bandwidth by compressing packet headers across WAN links.
IP Telephony 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Narrowband links Slow links (less than 2 Mbps) Need to conserve bandwidth on a WAN interface
IP Telephony 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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MLP
6 bytes overhead
Frame Relay
6 bytes overhead
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L2TP/GRE
24 bytes
MLPPP
6 bytes
MPLS
4 bytes
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Specialized Encapsulations
X.25 over TCP/IP IPv6 over IPv4 L2F Others
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Effect of VAD
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