Wireless Intelligent Network (WIN) Tutorial

What is the Wireless Intelligent Network (WIN)?

The extension of wireline Intelligent Network(IN) concepts to IS-41 based wireless network An architecture that separates the service logic and/or feature functionality from the wireless network switch and places that functionality in other platforms in the network The specific work of the Telecommunications Industry Associations (TIA) WIN Task Group(TR- 45.2.2.4)

What is IS-41?

HLR

MSC

MSC
Wireless Operator in U.S.

PSTN

HLR

MSC

MSC

Wireless Operator in Latin America

IS-41 Intersystem Operations

MSC EIR

MS

BS

MSC

PSTN

AC

HLR

VLR

ISDN

SME

SME

MC

MC

VLR

IS-41 Intersystem Operations

Network Elements
Mobile station(MS) Base station (BS) Mobile switching center (MSC) Home location register (HLR) Visitor location register (VLR) Authentication center (AC) Equipment identity register (EIR) Message center (MC) Short message entity (SME)

IS-41 Network Elements

Mobile Station (MS)
The interface equipment used to terminate the radio path at the user side. The MS provides the user the capabilities to access network services.

Mobile Switching Center(MSC)

Automatic system which constitutes the interface for user traffic between the wireless network and other public switched networks, or other MSCs in the same or other wireless networks

IS-41 Network Elements

Home Location Register (HLR)
Location register to which a users identity is assigned for record purposes such as:
Subscriber information Mobile station information

Provides service control and mobility management for subscribers HLR may or may not be located within, and be indistinguishable from, an MSC HLR may serve more than one MSC

IS-41 Network Elements

Authentication Center (AC)
Element that manages the authentication information related to the mobile station The AC may or may not be located within, and be indistinguishable from, an HLR

IS-41 Network Elements

Visitor Location Register (VLR)
Location register used by an MSC to retrieve information for handling calls to or from a visiting mobile station user Provides mobility management for subscribers in visited system VLR may or may not be located within, and be indistinguishable from, an MSC VLR may serve more than one MSC

IS-41 Network Elements

Message Center (MC)
The message center stores and forwards short messages It may also provide supplementary services for short message services

Short Message Entity (SME)

The short message entity composes and decomposes short messages. An SME may or may not be located within, and be indistinguishable from, an HLR, MC, VLR, MS or MSC

Driving Forces for WIN

Greater control of wireless network functionality Faster feature introduction Flexibility to choose which features are developed Customized services for subscribers Competitive solutions from multiple vendors

WIN Objectives
Provide capabilities for rapid service introduction, service creation and service customization Service-independent WIN architecture Compatible with existing wireless network architecture

WIN Requirements
Flexible distribution of service logic supporting functions
Wireless service provider can choose a WIN architecture to match network topology

New WIN-based services must coexist with existing wireless services

Switch-based services (e.g., call waiting) Existing HLR based services (e.g., call forwarding)

WIN Requirements
Transparent to subscriber
WIN-based services Switch-based services HLR-based services

Seamless services
Home Roaming

Intelligent Network Service

SCP

3
Dials 1-800-333-4444 STP

4
313-456-6789 Rings

5
SSP

6
SSP

WIN Concepts
Based on wireline IN concepts
During call processing, switch can detect events (triggers) at various points where call processing can be interrupted to request IN processing (e.g., at origination or completion of dialing) The switch then queries IN service logic for further instructions Service logic can be programmed to provide new services

IN Architecture Elements

IP

IN signaling

SN

SSP

SCP

Voice Channel

Service

Subscriber

SSP

IN Architecture Elements
Service Switching Point (SSP)
Major function of the SSP is to detect events during call processing, called triggers, that indicate an IN call event After triggering, the SSP suspends call processing and starts a series of transactions with the SCP to determine the handling of the call

IN Architecture Elements
Service Control Point (SCP)
Real-time database and transaction processing system that provides service control and service data functions Performs subscriber or application specific service logic in response to a query from SSP and then sends back instructions to perform specified functions and how to continue call processing Provides mechanisms for introducing new services and customizing services and features

IN Architecture Elements
Intelligent Peripheral (IP)
Performs specialized resource functions such as:
Playing announcements Collecting digits Speech recognition Recording and storing voice messages Facsimile services...

Under the control of service logic

IN Architecture Elements
Service Node (SN)
A programmable network node that allows the service provider to create new circuit related services Provides both service logic processing and call terminations for specialized resource functions Combines capabilities of SCP and IP

IN Triggers
Call termination triggers
Called party busy No answer

Call origination triggers

Calling party Dialed number

Trigger categories
Subscribed (individual subscriber-based) Office/group

Services Supported by IS-41C

Message waiting notification Mobile access hunting Password call acceptance Preferred language Priority access & channel assignment Remote feature control Selective call acceptance Subscriber PIN access & intercept Three-way calling Voice message retrieval Voice privacy Short message services

Call delivery Call forwarding - busy Call forwarding - default Call forwarding - no answer Call forwarding - unconditional Call transfer Call waiting Calling number ID presentation Calling number ID restriction Conference calling Do not disturb Flexible alerting

WIN Architecture of IS-41

IS-41 architecture is a WIN architecture
Mobile switching center (MSC) is a service switching point
Call origination/termination triggers Queries to service logic for instructions Specialized resource functions

Home location register (HLR) provides service control, service data and mobility management functions Visitor location register (VLR) provides subscriber profile data and other mobility management functions

WIN Capabilities of IS-41C

Profile (HLR to Serving System)
Profile follows the subscriber Profile can be updated at any time

Profile contains:
Service profile Origination triggers Termination triggers

WIN Capabilities of IS-41C

Service profile (switch based services)
Origination indicator
Type of call originations allowed

Termination restrictions
Type of call terminations allowed

Pre-subscribed long distance carrier Preferred language indicator

WIN Capabilities of IS-41C

Service profile (switch-based services)
Calling features
Call waiting Three-way calling Calling number identification presentation Calling number identification restriction Call transfer

WIN Capabilities of IS-41C

Call origination triggers (Serving MSC)
Triggers for specified call origination events
All origination attempts Local call attempts Toll call attempts International call attempts Dialed numbers with specific number of digits Dialed numbers beginning with *,**,#,## digits e.g., dialed international call

WIN Capabilities of IS-41C

Call termination triggers (Serving MSC)
Triggers for specified call termination events
Busy No page response No answer Not reachable Routing failure

WIN Capabilities of IS-41C

Call termination triggers (originating MSC)
Incoming call to a mobile station Call redirection

IS-41 Queries to WIN Services

Location request
Originating MSC to HLR Triggered by calls to mobile stations

Transfer-to-number request
Originating MSC/serving MSC to HLR Triggered by an event corresponding to termination Triggers received from HLR

IS-41 Queries to WIN Services

Origination request
Serving MSC to HLR Triggered by call origination event corresponding to origination triggers received from the HLR

IS-41 User Interaction Control

Remote user interaction directive
HLR to originating or serving MSC Controls announcement played and collection of digits
Subscribed

Feature request
Serving MSC to HLR Triggered by feature request made by user

Registration Notification

Old Serving System

New Serving System

MSC VLR HLR VLR

MSC MS

system access

REGNOT
REGNOT
regnot regnot

REGCANC regcanc

Call Forwarding - Busy

Originating MSC HLR call origination LOCREQ[CALLED #] ROUTREQ[MIN,ESN] VLR

Serving MSC

ROUTREQ routreq[busy]

routreq[busy]
call setup locreq[CF#]

Selective Call Acceptance

Originating MSC HLR call origination LOCREQ[CALLING#,CALLED #] locreq[CF#] call forward VLR

Serving MSC

Subscriber PIN Intercept

Serving System MSC

mobile call origination

VLR

HLR

ORIGREQ[DIGITS] play announcement and collect digits RUIDIR[ANNLIST, DIGITCC]

ruidir[DIGITS]

origreq[continue]

. .

Feature Control Request

Serving System MSC VLR feature access FEATREQ[DIGITS] featreq tone or announcement QUALDIR[PROFILE] HLR

qualdir

. . .

Evolution to WIN
IS-41 architecture and capabilities allow WIN-oriented services
Vendors have developed new and enhanced services based on IS-41 intersystem operations
In a multi-vendor environment

Wireless service providers have deployed SCPs in their networks

HLR functionality Enhanced services Customized services

Evolution to WIN

Examples of WIN-based services

Call origination services based on:
Calling party Location of caller Dialed number

Call origination service examples:

Virtual network services Automatic retry on busy

Evolution to WIN
Examples of WIN-based services
Call terminating services based on:
Incoming call information (e.g. calling party) Mobile station location and status (e.g., busy) Mobiles response to incoming call (e.g, no answer) Time of day ...

Call terminating service examples:

Enhanced call screening Enhanced call forwarding

Evolution to WIN
Examples of WIN-based services
Non-call-related services based on:
Mobile station location Mobile station status

Non-call-related service example:

Location tracking

Current WIN Standards Work

Add SCP, IP and SN elements to IS-41 network

Use existing IS-41 signaling network (SS7) Use existing voice channel interconnections Build on existing intersystem operations for interactions with SCP and IP IP supports broader range of resource functions than currently specified for IS-41 MSCs can interact directly with SCP service logic

WIN Architecture

IP

HLR

SN

MSC

SCP

SCP

IP

MS

BS

MSC

PSTN

EIR

AC

HLR

VLR

ISDN

VLR SME SME MC MC

Current WIN Standards Work

WIN network element interactions
MSC to/from HLR/SCP/IP/SN HLR to/from SCP/IP/SN SCP to/from SCP/IP/SN

Distribution of service control logic across multiple network elements (HLR, SCPs, SNs)

MSC Call Processing

MSC call processing model
Basic call state models (BCSMs)
Originating call model Terminating call model

Points in call (PICs) Detection points (DPs) PIC to DP transitions Based on ITU-T Q.1244 recommendations for CS-2

Originating BCSM

. . .
Collected_Information DP Analyze_Information invalid_information

Analyzed_Information DP Select_Route Route_Select_Failure DP route_failure Authorize_Call_Setup

authorize_route_failure
O_Called_Party_Busy DP

Send_Call O_Mid_Call DP O_Term_Seized DP

. . .

Terminating BCSM

. . .
Termination_Attempt_DP termination_denied Authorize_Termination_Attempt Termination_Attempt_Authorized DP Select_Facility Facility_Selected_and_Available DP Present_Call Call_Accepted DP T_Alerting SS7_failure presentation_failure

T_Busy DP

. . .

T_No_Answer DP

call_rejected

Distributed Functional Plane

WIN functional architecture
Functional entities
Call control function (CCF) Service switching function (SSF) Service control function (SCF) Service data function (SDF) Specialized resource function (SRF) Radio access control function (RACF) Radio control function (RCF)

Distributed Functional Plane

SMAF

SMF to any FE

SCEF

SDF

SCF

SRF

SCF LRF SSF CCF LRF RACF ACF RCF CCF

ACF

RACF

RTF

Feature and Service Interaction Management

Feature and service interaction management
Services for single subscriber can be distributed across multiple network elements that provide service control Have to manage:
Feature precedence Feature interaction Feature data Feature control

Feature and Service Interaction Management

SCF
FSLP i FSLP j FSLP k FSLP x

SCF
FSLP y FSLP z

SIM

SIM

FIM

SBSL i

SSF/CCF
SBSL j
BCM

WIN IS-41 Operations

Map existing IS-41C triggers to WIN DPs Adding new call processing triggers and trigger destinations for WIN

WIN IS-41 Operations

New IS-41 operations
Seize resource
HLR/SCP to IP (SCF to SRF)

Connect resource
HLR/SCP/SN to MSC (SCF to SSF)

Instruction requested
IP to HLR/SCP (SRF to SCF)

Disconnect resource
HLR/SCP/SN to MSC (SCF to SSF)

WIN IS-41 Operations

New IS-41 operations
Reset timer
HLR/SCP/SN to MSC (SCF to SSF)

Search
HLR/SCP/SN to HLR/SCP/SN (SCF to SDF)

Modify
HLR/SCP/SN to HLR/SCP/SN (SCF to SDF)

Service request
HLR/SCP/SN to HLR/SCP/SN (SCF to SCF)

WIN IS-41 Operations

New IS-41 operations

Termination request
MSC to HLR/SCP/SN (SSF to SCF)

New IS-41 parameters Network reference model Stage 2 descriptions Stage 3 descriptions

WIN Services
New WIN-based features
Calling name identification presentation Incoming call screening Voice controlled services
Voice-controlled feature activation and control Voice-controlled dialing Voice-based user authentication Speech to text conversion (short message creation)

Calling Name Identification Presentation

Displays the name of the calling party on the called partys terminal. The calling party name information is derived from the calling number information (CNI) which is generally provided to the terminating network as part of basic call setup.

Calling Name Identification Presentation

Originating System
MSC HLR VLR

Serving System
MSC SCP MS

LOCREQ[CNIDigits] ROUTEREQ[MIN,CNIdigits] ROUTEREQ[MIN,CNIdigits]

routereq[TLDN] routereq[TLDN] locreq[TERMLIST] call setup TERMREQ termreq[ACTCODE,DISTEXT] alert(CNAP info) call answer

Incoming Call Screening - ICS

ICS is an enhanced service which provides the capability of routing or blocking of incoming calls to a subscriber. The ICS service logic resides on the SCP which screens the call based on screening factors (e.g., CLID, serving MSC) and selects one of many possible terminating actions (e.g., forward call to message center).

Incoming Call Screening

Originating System MSC call origination LOCREQ[DGTSDIAL,CNIdigits] SERVREQ[DGTSDIAL,SRVLIST,CNIdigits] servreq[TERMACT,TERMLIST] HLR SCP

locreq[TERMLIST] call setup to VMS

Voice Controlled Feature Control

Allows the mobile subscriber to control features (e.g., CFU, CFB, MWI) by using voice commands. The subscriber dials a star code (e.g., *33) associated with an origination trigger for the service. The call is routed to an automatic speech recognition device that prompts the caller for feature control information and carries out the request.

Voice Controlled Feature Control

Serving System MSC call origination ORREQ

VLR

SN

HLR

CONNECTRESOURCE call setup prompt for feature control collect feature control FEATREQ featreq QUALDIR qualdir announce feature control success orreq[ACTCODE] clear call qualdir QUALDIR

Future WIN Standards Work

International standards Mobility and radio access triggers Add wireline equivalent IN call processing triggers Wireless/wireline integration