Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Glaucoma
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is
characterized
by high IOP
associated with
optic disk
cupping and
visual field loss
Normal outflow through trabecular
meshwork (large arrow) and uveoscleral
routes (small arrow) and related anatomy.
In primary open-angle glaucoma,
aqueous outflow by these pathways
is diminished.
In angle-closure glaucoma, the iris is
abnormally positioned so as to block
aqueous outflow through the anterior
chamber (iridocorneal) angle.
Normal optic disc. Note the
distinct optic disc margins, the
well-demarcated cup, and the
healthy pink color of the
neuroretinal rim.
The cup-to-disc ratio of this optic
nerve is 0.6. Clinical correlation
with the patient's history and
examination is required to
decide if this optic nerve is
abnormal.
Glaucomatous optic nerve cupping.
The cup in this optic nerve is
enlarged to 0.8, and there is typical
thinning of the inferior neuroretinal
rim, forming a "notch."
Visual Field Impairment
(A)normal
(B)loss of visual field in
the superior and
nasal portion
(C)visual field loss
extends to superior
and inferior portions
(D)Finally,extensive
damage to the entire
visual field occurs,
sparing the very
central portion of
vision.
Glaucoma classified according to
etiology
• Primary glaucoma
– Open-angle glaucoma Chronic angle-closure
– Angle-closure glaucoma
• Congenital glaucoma
Siderosis
• Secondary glaucoma
Trauma
Neovascular glaucoma
Open-angle, trabecular
abnormality
Treatment Goal
VASOPROTECTION/
NEUROPROTECTION
GLAUCOMA: OPTIC NERVE DAMAGE
Rise in IOP
RGC loss
THE THIRD TARGET
PERSISTENCY/
COMPLIANCE
WITH DRUG THERAPY IN
GLAUCOMA MANAGEMENT
Glaucoma Therapy: Persistency
• Acute conjunctivitis
• Acute angle-closure glaucoma
(acute ACG)
Acute
Symptoms iridocyclitis Acute ACG
conjunctivitis
Slow
Vision decrease Toboggan normal
comparatively
usually
Ophthalmalgia
Pain position located in slight or not
and migraine
ocular area
Be often
Nausea and
No accompanied No
vomit
with
KP offwhite pigmentary No
Anterior
Not shallow shallow Not shallow
chamber
Aqueous Flare and
Flare and cells Normal
humor exudation
Unclear furrow Segmental
Iris Normal
nodule atrophy of iris
Dilate, vertical
Pupil Shrink, irregular Normal
oval shape
Intraocular
Normal or low IOP High IOP Normal
pressure
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