Contract Supervision

Roles & Responsibilities Monitoring Tools & records Quality Assurance/Quality Control

Why we need Contracts?

Binding For commitment

Share Responsibilities

Towards Agreed terms

Fulfill Obligations

Satisfy Requirements Construction Management Training

Module-1

OFFER

Consideration
(Value/ Causa)

ACCEPTANCE

CONTRACT
One party
RIGHT

To other party

RISK DETREMENT LOSS

INTEREST
PROFIT BENEFIT
Construction Management Training Module-1

FOREBEARRANCE
3

Key Elements of a Contract

TERMS

EXPRESSED ( Verbal/Writing)

IMPLIED ( automatically)

CONDITIONS

WARRANTIES

STATUTORY/TRADE CUSTOMS

Conditions of Contract

Conditions

GENERAL ( Universal)

PARTICULAR ( Suit to Environment)

Policies Definitions Dispute resolutions

Deviations from General Execution Conditions Time Frame Specific applications Construction Management Training Payment Terms Particular terms to suit Module-1

ICTAD CONDITIONS OF CONTRACTSAVAILABLE PUBLICATIONS

ICTAD/SBD/01 - Standard Bidding Document for Procurement of Works ( Vol 1&2, Yr 2007) ICTAD/SBD/02 - Standard Bidding Document for Major Contracts ( Vol 1&2, Yr 2007) ICTAD/SBD/03 - Standard Bidding Document for Minor Contracts ( Vol 1&2, Yr 2007) ICTAD/SBD/04 - Standard Bidding Document for Design & Build Contracts ( Vol 1&2, Yr 2007) SCA/3/2 2nd - Specifications for Water Supply, Sewerage & Storm water drainage ( Edition April 2002)
Construction Management Training Module-1 6

Parties Involved in Contract Supervision

Employer
* Site Representatives/Consultants

Engineer *Representatives

Contractor *Site Agents

*Sub Contractors

What are the Engineers duties and powers?

Supervision Instructions Extensions & Suspension of Contracts Valuation & Claims Mediation at Contractual Disputes

Engineers powers - Supervision

Organization & Correspondence

Supervision

Agreed Contactors work programs. Examining contractors proposals & Method Statement and approving Acceptance of tests at completion and ordering commissioning of elements.

Comment satisfaction

Responsibilities of Engineers Representatives/ site agents

Act according to delegated functions Watch, supervise & examine site works with tests Adherent to the orders/ decision of the engineer. Records on extra or additional works, pertaining to the extension of time Joint admeasurements Order stoppage of work at unsafe situations / noncompliance with specification Assist Engineer on valuation/ claims

Monitoring Tools/methods
Audit measures the cost or value of inputs, such as materials and manpower, in relation to producing the outputs. Audit could be in both Technical & Financial Aspects. Audit mainly measures efficiency using quantitative methods.

Management Information System (MIS) is a process by which raw data is collected, summarized and given to the management of a project or program. It includes computeraided information systems and is meant to alert the managers who then take decisions. MIS is useful for efficiency questions; however, ensuring the validity/accuracy of information can be difficult.

Performance monitoring (also called performance evaluation) checks what is achieved and the expenditure for the different achievements for the project. The validity of performance monitoring can be problematic when performance monitoring is connected to the release of payments. Auto-monitoring (also called auto-evaluation) originally meant assessment by an individual or a small group of their own activities judged against a set of indicator, which they set for themselves. The concept has since broadened to mean increasing the capacity of the project personnel and stakeholders for monitoring their own programs and activities taking control of their own programs. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used.
11

Construction Records for Contract Monitoring

Contractors Submittals Construction Records Official site Log book Resource utilization daily records
o Supervisory & Labor o Plant & Machinery

Submittal register ( Program for submittals) Master Work Program & Individual programs for subcomponents

Method Statements for works including temporary works

Material Test reports and applicable standards Manufacturers performance or test certificates Safety & Environment Management Plan during Construction

Daily Weather Records or weather charts

Daily work records ( DPR) Approvals
Pre-inspection records Prior approval forms ( setting out, Concrete, etc) Test witness records ( site & laboratory) Testing & commissioning approval forms

Quality Assurance & Quality Control at Construction

What is Desired Quality?
Quality of construction attributes appearance, aesthetic, stability, strength and durability Construction quality is a relative term and thereby before controlling quality one must have a reference quality level Quality at construction work shall involve cost & time and thereby tread-offs or balance to be considered with complementary cost and related time factors Technical quality shall be governed by Standards but Functional or Operational quality is the desired level for intended purpose

Achieved by how & whom?

Shall be an inbuilt element of the design documentation ( design brief) and as well as at the Contract documentation ( specific terms) Quality Culture is a important feature at the construction and shall be a achieved through team spirit of both the Engineer /Engineers representatives and the Contractor Should not strict on perfection or Zero defects thereby tolerances and flexibility shall be clearly spelled out at the inception of work and at agreed method statements & shop drawings

Quality assurance should be ensured through standard quality tests and with trade practices and should disclose the satisfaction of quality of end product after test proceedings
Quality is never an accidently achievement and it always the result of intelligent effort

Standard Quality Tests

Field Tests
Long & Short Duration Pumping Tests

Laboratory Tests
Quality of Water for concreting ( BS 3148)

Standard Compaction Tests for dry density ( ASTM D 1557, BS 1337)

Hydrostatic Pressure Testing for Pipe Lines ( BS 8010, AWWA C 600, AWWA C 907) ) Hydrostatic Pressure Testing for Water Retaining Structures ( BS 8007)

Fine & Coarse Aggregates for Concreting (BS 882 or ASTM C33)
Sampling & Testing of Reinforcement ( BS 4449, Appendix C)

Concrete Mix Design ( BS 8007, BS8110, BS 5328)

Admixtures ( ASTM C 494 or BS 5075) Curing Compounds ( ASTM C 309) Sampling & Testing of Fresh & Harden Concrete ( BS 1881 or ASTM C31 & 39) Sampling & Testing of Cement Blocks ( BS 6073 or ASTM C 90)

Sterilization or Disinfection of completed pipe lines ( ANSI/AWWA C 651) Trial Mix for Concreting (ASTM C 143) Slump Test for Concreting ( ASTM C 143)

Some Rural Constructions

Some Rural Constructions

Practical Aspects/Areas to Give Thought to ensure end Quality at WSS

Site layouts Construction sequence at congested work Depth of pipes & bedding materials Locating washouts & air valves Laying pipes in hilly terrains Mix designs and admixtures for Gr 35 concrete Temperature control at concreting and placing of construction joints at water tanks Color selection for structural elements and buildings and final finishing techniques Approving methods for defect repairs

Thanking you for your keen interest and concerns on quality construction at peaceful working environment
Sanath Fernando