Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
163C
ENGINE OIL
What does engine oil do?
Lubricates Cools Seals Cleans
168C
OIL FILTERS
Cleans oil Paper Element Inlet and Outlet Passages Bypass Valve Filter Identification
168C
Oil Filter Inlets are on outside Oil Filter Outlet is in center Sealing surface must be correct Application must be correct
167C
LUBRICATION SYSTEM
Oil Pan Pick Up Screen Oil Pump Oil Galleries Pressure Relief Valve
170C
COOLANT
Raises Boiling Point Lowers Freezing Point Two Types of Anti-Freeze
Ethylene glycol Propylene glycol
Mixture best at 50/50 Protects to -34 F Acts as Lubricant for Water Pump Remove 70% of Engine heat
172C
RADIATOR
Two Types
Crossflow Downflow
Construction
Copper Aluminum
Hoses
Molded Flexible
171C
WATER PUMP
Inlet Outlet Impeller Hub Weep Hole
THERMOSTAT
Engine Temp must be regulated 180 to 210 degrees Located in upper passage Engine has bypass hose for flow when stat is closed
Stant thermostats Cutaway
COOLING FANS
Engine only needs air flow at low speeds and idle Types of Fans
Mechanical Electric Viscous clutch
HOSE CLAMPS
Clamp Crevice
Wrong
Correct
Four Types of Clamps Must install on hose correctly Do not over tighten Worm Drive easiest and does good job of clamping hose
Twin wire
Single Wire
Worm Drive
Constant Band
RADIATOR CAP
Cap controls controls pressure and vacuum
Each pound of pressure can raise temperature 3 degrees
RADIATOR CAP
For more information about cooling hoses go to gates web site. http://www.gates.com/brochure.cfm?brochure=2833&location_id=3369
Engine Heaters
Electrically operated heaters are often available as optional equipment on cars and light trucks. The heater may warm coolant with a heating element located in a coolant hose or in the engine block, or the heater may be located in a position that warms the engine oil. They help to provide easier starting in extremely cold temperatures.
Thanks NAPA
DRIVE BELTS
Make sure you have the right size belt Pitch and Width must be correct Tension belt in foot pounds Some water pumps turn in opposite direction
Belt Adjustment
Most new cars have automatic tensioners on them so no adjustment is needed. But the old belts must be checked and tightened.
Belt Adjustment
Find the Drive Belt Picture like this one from All Data if you do not know how to adjust it.
Thanks All Data for use of the picture.
APPEARANCE: Each side of belt appears shiny or glazed. In advanced stages, fabric becomes exposed. CAUSE: When in motion, the belt makes contact with an object in its path such as a flange or bolt. This may be caused by improper belt tension or pulley bearing size. SOLUTION: Replace belt and remove the foreign object or, if it cant be removed, ensure that contact is voided. Check the automatic belt tensioner and ensure proper belt tension.
APPEARANCE: Pieces or chunks of rubber material have broken off from the belt. When chunk-out has occurred, a belt can fail at any moment. CAUSE: Chunk-out can happen when several cracks in one area move parallel to the cord line. Heat, age and stress are the primary contributors.
APPEARANCE: CAUSE:
Belt material is sheared off from the ribs and builds up in the belt grooves. There are a number of causes, including lack of tension, misalignment, worn pulleys or a combination of these factors. Pilling is found most frequently in diesel engines, but is not isolated to them.
SOLUTION:
When pilling leads to belt noise or excess vibration, the belt should be replaced. Accessory brake pulleys should be checked for material buildup between groves. Replace if necessary.
APPEARANCE: Belt shows damage to the side with the possibility of breaks in the tensile cord or jagged edged ribs. A thumping or grinding noise may also be heard when running. CAUSE: A foreign objectsuch as a small pebblein the pulley can cause uneven wear and cut into the belt. SOLUTION: Replace belt and inspect pulley for foreign objects or damage. Replace pulley if necessary
APPEARANCE: A belt rib begins separating from the joined strands. If left unattended, the cover will often separate, causing the belt to unravel. CAUSE: Improper belt installation is a common cause of premature failure. One of the outer-most belt ribs is placed outside the pulley groove, causing a belt rib to run without a supporting or aligning pulley groove. SOLUTION: The belts life has been severely limited and should be replaced immediately. Ensure all ribs of the replacement belt fit into the pulley grooves. Run the engine. Then, with the engine off and battery disconnected, inspect the belt for proper installation.
APPEARANCE: Small, yet visible cracks along the length of a rib or ribs. CAUSE: With continuous exposure to high temperatures, the stress of bending around the pulley leads to cracking. Cracks begin on the ribs and grow into the cord line. As a rule, if three or more cracks appear in a three-inch section of a belt, eighty percent of the life is gone and the belt should be replaced. SOLUTION: Replace & Check tensioner pulley and idler pulley for bearing wear. Replace if necessary.
APPEARANCE: Sidewalls of the belt may appear glazed or the edge-cord may become frayed and ribs removed. A noticeable noise may result. In severe cases, the belt can jump off the pulley. CAUSE: Pulley misalignment can be caused by two conditions (see below). Misalignment forces the belt to kink or twist while running, causing premature wear. SOLUTION: Replace the belt and make sure to realign the pulleys. Also check to make sure the pulleys, pulley brackets and shafts are not bent or broken.
APPEARANCE: Small pinholes are visible on the backside of the belt. Bumps may be visible and fabric around the holes can be frayed. CAUSE: Rock, gravel or sand is wedged between the belt grooves and pulley ridges. SOLUTION: The belt needs to be replaced to avoid tensile cord separation and possible roadside failure.
DRIVE BELTS
DRIVE BELTS
Make sure you know how to route the serpentine belt around the pulleys.
Idler Pulleys
Dont forget the Idler Pulley. We change out the belt and the tensioner but forget the other pulleys. Are they whining, check the nylon ones for wear across the surface. All can wear but nylon ones need to be replaced more often. (see picture on previous page)
182C
Here the reading shows the filter is no longer allowing sufficient air into the engine and should be changed.
http://www.cat.com/cda/layout?m=37503&x=7
FUEL SYSTEM
Tank, Pump, inlet sock,sender Lines Fuel Filter Fuel pressure tap
185C - 187C
UNDERHOOD FLUIDS
Power Steering Fluid Brake Fluid
Reservoir Ratings (DOT 3,4,5) Must not use lesser rating Do not mix!
Electrolyte
Water/acid mix in the battery
187C - 195C
BATTERY
Safety is very important! Chemical Action
Lead Peroxide Sponge lead
Thanks to Dayco, Cat, Auto Insite, Gates And AllData For the Pictures
http://www.gates.com/brochure.cfm?brochure=2837&location_id=3373