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# BASICS OF SURVEY #

MOHD. ABID KHAN E/09/80

# EXERSICE #
BEFORE ATTENDING THE SITE, YOU SHOULD BE FAMILIAR WITH : Knowledge about Latitude & Longitude, in both DMS & Decimal formats Knowledge about North Study the given topology first Command on MapInfo and Pathloss tool

GPS AMSL calibration from nearest Railway station


Check the durability of Camera, Binocular and Net-Monitor Make sure that you use the same maps, datums and co-ordinate systems through-out the project

Shows all data

Shows BRG , distance; and AMSL

# FREQUENCY #
Radio Frequency (RF) = 900 MHz or 1800 MHz spectrum Microwave Frequency (Txn) = 2 GHz to 58 GHz spectrum In Case of Hop Length > 12 km, consider 7 GHz for Transmission In case of Hop Length from 2 to 12 km, consider 15 GHz for Transmission In case of Hop Length < 2 km, consider 18 GHz for Transmission

RF (MHz) spreads in Area


Txn (GHz) shoots point to point (like Air-Balloon) In both cases, as Freq. more covered Distance less Airtel (1800 MHz), Vodafone (900 MHz), !dea (900 MHz) for RF Airtel (Nokia), Vodafone (Nokia), !dea (Ericsson) for Txn

# LoS #
LoS = Line of Sight LoS is not equal to Laser Sight

LoS = Laser Sight + Fresnal Zone considerations

d2

d1

R = 17.3 (d1.d2 / f.D)1/2


Where, R = Radius of Fresnal zone in meter D = (d1 + d2) in km

f = frequency in GHz

# Earth Radius Factor K #


K = 1.33 for standard atmosphere with normally refracted path (this value should be used whenever local value is not provided) LoS must be calculated by considering F1 at 100% and F2 at 60% F1 = First Fresnal Zone F2 = Second Fresnal Zone

# Must Check for Acquisition #


Acquisition is a Major concern for any operator We have to make trade-off between the options where they can serve most & where it can be Acquirable ! First preference should go for the sharing options In case of Own options Try to get the land within the Town

In case of well organized village, try to get RTT or RTP options instead of GBT options
In case of Sharing option: always check for the BTS type

# Must Check for LoS #


LoS can either be Clear or Not-clear Always be very sure before you clear any LoS Consider the vegetation growth factor as per local environment Microwave hops over or in the vicinity of the large water surfaces and flat land areas can cause severe multipath fading. So, these kind of comments should be forwarded to Survey Coordinators Always check for the space availability for the MW Radio at the height where you propose at given Direction Never plan MW at top of the tower, always take 2m guard space for mounting mechanism Check LoS from the options you choose

160 150

Elevation (meters)

140 130 120 110 100 90 80 0 0 .2 0 .4 0 .6 0 .8 1 .0 1 .2 1 .4 1 .6 1 .8 2 .0 2 .2 2 .4 2 .6 2 .8

Path Length (2.93 k m ) AJ AR PUR A


Latitu d e Lo n g itu d e Azimu th Elev atio n An ten n a CL 0 2 2 3 8 1 9 .7 N 0 7 2 5 9 0 4 .2 E 9 6 .9 2 d eg 1 2 0 m ASL 3 0 .0 m AGL Freq u en cy = 1 5 0 0 0 .0 MHz K = 1 .3 3 Fn = 1 .0 0 , 0 .6 0

KSO001
Latitu d e Lo n g itu d e Azimu th Elev atio n An ten n a CL Date 15-10-108 0 2 2 3 8 0 8 .2 N 0 7 3 0 0 4 6 .1 E 2 7 6 .9 3 d eg 9 0 m ASL 3 2 .0 m AGL

ADA Cel l works

ks o001.pl3

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# Must Check for Blocked LoS #


If any LoS get Block then also Route Survey must be Done for the same Make Pathloss file for the Reason of BLOCK The Reason of BLOCK should also get reflected in SARF as well Never plan MW at top of the tower, always take 2m guard space for mounting mechanism

In case of MW Repeater proposal, Choose any appropriate Town which can be converted to a Full Fledge site afterwards as per Network requirements
If you know from the early study of the Town that LoS will get problematic, Do or Ask for the Top map Study first !

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180 170

Elevation (meters)

160 150 140 130 120

110 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Path Length (10.00 k m ) C HIKHLI


Latitu d e Lo n g itu d e Azimu th Elev atio n An ten n a CL 0 2 1 1 4 5 5 .0 N 0 7 3 4 9 0 4 .0 E 2 0 9 .8 7 d eg 1 2 3 m ASL 4 0 .0 m AGL Freq u en cy = 1 5 0 0 0 .0 MHz K = 1 .3 3 Fn = 1 .0 0 , 0 .6 0

UC H001
Latitu d e Lo n g itu d e Azimu th Elev atio n An ten n a CL Date 15-10-108 0 2 1 1 0 1 4 .0 N 0 7 3 4 6 1 2 .0 E 2 9 .8 5 d eg 1 2 6 m ASL 4 0 .0 m AGL

ADA Cel l works

chikhl~1.pl3

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# Must Check for RF #


Before visiting the New Site, you should be known with neighboring sites sectors height and azimuth Decide RF antenna height and tilt as per operator guidelines If any major variation found from the Nominal Lat-Long provided, Inform the coordinator for the same before starting of the survey Take about 20 to 25 Important Landmarks of the Town with Rx level Landmarks should be a combination of Villages and Surrounding areas details In case of good Outdoor coverage in some town, kindly check the Indoor coverage as well

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# Must Check for SARF #


Be clear first what Operator wants in SARF All Fonts & Size of the characters must be as per asked Details in the SARF are the Primary details Pathloss, MapInfo details must be same as per in SARF Any type of Information related to the site, mention them in to the SARF

Correct AMSL of the options must be there in SARF


SARF form contain three sheets: SARF, Town Layout & Site Layout Always mention NORTH in Town Layout & Site Layout sheets

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# Site Location #
Site Location in Hilly region In case of Site Location at High point, Its good for Transmission but not for RF purpose

Unwanted cell boundary

uncontrolled, strong interferences

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# Site Location #
Site Location in Hilly region In case of Site Location at Low point, Its good for RF but not for Transmission purpose

Wanted cell boundary

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# THANK YOU #

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