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It is a systematic examination of the methods of carrying out activities To improve the effective use of resources To set up standard of performance for the activities carried out.
METHOD STUDY
Method study is the systematic recording and critical examination of existing and proposed ways of doing work, as a means of developing and applying easier and more effective methods and reducing costs.
6. 7.
Improvement of processes and procedures Improvement in the design of plant and equipment Improvement of layout Improvement in the use of men, materials and machines Economy in human effort and reduction of unnecessary fatigue Improvement in safety standards Development of better working environment.
Recording
Recording of facts is considered the most crucial step in method study. It is the preparatory step towards the third step of method study known as critical examination.
Standard symbol
Name of activity
operation
Defn of activity
Change in a physical or chemical characteristic of an object Examination of an object to check on quality characteristics Change in location of an object from one place to another Retention of an object in location in storage which is protected against unauthorised removal
Inspection
Delay
Examine
The questioning technique is the means by which the critical examination is conducted, each activity being subjected in turn to a systematic and progressive series of questions.
Primary Questions
the the the the the PURPOSE PLACE SEQUENCE PERSON MEANS for which at which in which by whom by which
Secondary Questions
The secondary questions cover the second stage of the questioning technique, during which the answers to the primary questions are subjected to further query to determine whether possible alternatives of place, sequence, persons and means are practicable and preferred as a means of improvement upon the existing method.
PURPOSE:
what is done?
why is it done?
what else might be done? what should be done? PLACE: where is it done? Why is it done there? Where else might it is done? Where should it be done?
SEQUENCE:
When is it done? Why is it done? When might it be done? When should it be done?
PERSON:
who does it? Why does that person do it? Who else might do it? Who should do it?
MEANS:
How is it done?
Maintain
Monitoring and control Audit the savings Review of the approach Performance appraisal
Work Measurement
The application of techniques designed to establish the time for a qualified worker to carry out a specified job at a defined level of performance. A qualified worker is one who is accepted as having the necessary physical attributes, possessing the required intelligence and the education and having acquired the necessary skill and knowledge to carry out the work in hand to satisfactory standards of safety, quantity and quality. - ILO
To discover reasons responsible for wastage of labour and machine through study To compare the efficiency of all possible alternatives and determine the best To equally distribute the workload amongst various employee To establish standard of performance To suggest measures to control and fix the standard salary of the employee To maintain standard time for completing a manufacturing task
Manning Planning Estimating Production Cost Cost reduction and cost Control Improving methods Determining Incentives Comparing alternative methods Standardising Data Training new employees Tracking the performance of employees
Work Simplification
Involves improvement in work methods or work flow initiated and developed by workers or supervisors on the job as a result of methods training and /or economic incentives. It is an organised use of common sense to find and apply better ways of doing any work at lesser cost.