Born

Residence

Nationality
Field

~ 300 BC Alexandria, Egypt Greek

Mathematics

Known for
Died

Euclid's Elements
~ 260 BC

Known as : Euclid of Alexandria the Father of Geometry

Fathers name : Naucrates Grandfathers name: Zenarchus Race : Greek Place of Birth : Tyre Live : Damascus and Alexandria Era :the Hellenistic period

Served in the Egyptian army, until he was send back to Alexandria at age 24 He first studied under the great philosopher Plato in Athens Later, Ptolemy I invited him to teach in his university at Alexandria in Egypt which also known as The Alexandria library or museum There, Euclid founded his school of mathematics. At this school he tutored such people as Archimedes - one of the greatest mathematician

kind

Willing to help

Often prove things

systematic

The parallel Central tostates Euclid's postulate portrait isand a circle that one, only with one, its lineradius can be drawn through a point parallel to a Euclid's geometry given line was one of construction , and and it is from this the circle and postulate, and on radius werethat central this basis, elements what has to come to Euclid's be known as constructions "Euclidean geometry" proceeds

Wrote a book entitled Elements

Consists of 13 volumes Explore many different aspects of geometry and mathematics Also written by various mathematicians But Euclid was the first to compile all of these into one giant work

A fragment of Euclid's Elements found at Oxyrhynchus, which is dated to circa 100 AD. The diagram accompanies Proposition 5 of Book II of the Elements

Organized the known geometrical ideas, axioms, theorems, and set Right Triangle Began with accepted mathematical truths, axioms andTheorem postulates, and Pithagoras demonstrated logically 467 propositions in plane and solid geometry One of the proofs was for the theorem of Pythagoras, proving that the equation is always true for every right triangle

Used the "synthetic approach" to present his theorems one progresses in a series of logical steps from the known to the unknown. Euclid proved that it is impossible to find the "largest prime number Euclid's proof for this theorem is generally accepted as one of the "classic" proofs

Mathematicians since Euclid have attempted without success to find a pattern to the sequence of prime numbers Euclid believed that we can't be sure of any axioms (statements that are accepted as true) without proof, so he devised logical steps to prove them Euclid divided his ten axioms, which he called "postulates," into two groups of five

Common Notions Things which are equal to the same thing are also equal to one another If equals are added to equals, the sums are equal If equals are subtracted from equals, the remainders are equal Things which coincide with one another are equal to one another The whole is greater than the part

The remaining five postulates were related specifically to geometry: Draw a straight line between any two points Extend the line indefinitely Draw a circle using any line segment as the radius and one end point as the center All right angles are equal Given a line and a point, draw only one line through the point that is parallel to the first line

Wrote many other books :His "On Divisions" deals with contraction and dividing figures into different parts. "Optics" talks about perspective "Phaenomena" which discusses astronomy

Astronomical Place Names Cultural Namesakes Other

Euclides(7.4S, 4354 Euclides 29.5W,dia,1.3 is an asteroid km depth)is named after a lunar Euclid crater

A There street isacalled atown Euclid "Euclid Middle Street" school or located "Euclid inof Avenue Littleton, in Colorado Clevelan Euclid, in the SNES game, Tales Phantasia

"Euclid" "Euclid Alone was the Has computer's Looked on name Beauty in Bare", the movie a poem Pi written b

The Euclid math competition, from the University of Waterlo

Today, Euclid has lost much of the status There are holes in his work The most notable being his 5th postulate, which causes some modern day mathematicians and scientists to doubt him Euclids fifth postulate says that there is one and only one line, passing through a given point, parallel to another line For years this was accepted as fact, however no one could prove it In the 19th century people chose to disregard Euclid's 5th and create "hyperbolic geometry" in which there can be many different parallel lines through one point to any given line.

From there, many different "non-Euclidean geometries" sprouted up, all of which had different rules regarding parallel lines differently Thus, because of the holes in his 5th postulate and in other areas of his work, Euclid has lost much status in the eyes of many prominent mathematicians He is still referred to as "The Father of Geometry," however, doubt arises about how much of Euclid's work was actually his

In addition to the Elements, five works of Euclid have survived to the present day: Data deals

On Divisions of Figures Optics Catoptrics

There are four works credibly attributed to Euclid which have been lost

Conics Porisms Pseudaria, or Book of Fallacies Surface Loci

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