Energy Transfer

Syllabus Title Page Lesson 01 Types of Energy Lesson 02 Energy Efficiency Lesson 03 Conduction and Convection Lesson 04 Radiation and Insulation Lesson 05 Insulating Homes

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Energy

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Energy Transfers

09/07/2013

Aim: To define energy To explain the purpose of a transducer and their role in the conservation of energy To identify energy transfers Starter: in rough Write down words / phrases about energy Compare with your neighbour Compare with your table Agree a definition of energy and one of you write it down (can be more than one sentence)

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Energy
Definition: Energy is required to do anything (work) (e.g. heat up). Energy is always conserved, it is never used up or destroyed it is transferred into another form (e.g. chemical to heat and light). A transducer changes energy from one form to another (e.g. a

match).

Symbol: E Unit: J (joules) Analogy: Energy is like money. To do anything costs money. Money is not used up but changes hands when you pay for something. Handout

Demo Burning Ethanol

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Types of energy

There are two groups of energy and nine types you need to learn In rough write down what types of energy you can think of in 1 minute (think about the burning ethanol demo)

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Types of Energy
ACTIVE (KINETIC) ENERGY STORED (POTENTIAL) ENERGY

Electrical energy

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Types of Energy

_________ _______ (KE) are all types of movement energy. _________ _______ (PE) are all types of stored energy.
Type Kinetic (movement) Heat (thermal) KE flame KE or PE? Example Sources

Light
Gravitational Chemical Sound Electrical Elastic Nuclear Kids Hate Learning GCSE Energy Names
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On your white board write down the type of energy

1.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Energy in a toffee
Energy in a running girl Energy causing a light bulb to light Energy given off by a stationary boy Energy in music Energy in a spring shot Energy in a diver

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Energy Transfers
Watch the demo (flour fire breathing) What energy transfers are occurring?

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Example Energy Transfers?

electrical

sound

kinetic

electrical

electrical

kinetic

light

chemical
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More Complicated Examples

There can be more than one step
gravitational potential

kinetic
electrical Energy can be transferred into more than one type electrical heat light sound

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Energy Circus

Around the lab are a selection of transducers. For each one identify All the energy transfers (every stage) Underline useful transfers Bracket wasted transfers Write the name and transfers into your books Example (try in your books in pencil) 1. Catapult Girl kinetic (sound) (heat) elastic kinetic Elastic gravitational (heat)

Chemical

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Identifying energy transfers

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Energy Transfers

recap

Aim: To define a energy To explain the purpose of a transducer and their role in the conservation of energy To identify energy transfers Plenary: on whiteboards Write down the two most important things you have learnt this lesson.

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Efficiency
Aim: To create sankey diagrams To calculate efficiency

09/07/2013

Starter: Watch the Movie (Roller Coaster) Identify the energy transfers How is energy wasted?

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Wasted sound energy

If you can hear a device that is not designed to make noise then energy is wasted as sound. Examples of devices that waste energy as sound include:

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Wasted Heat Energy

If a device gets warm and it is not designed to get warm then energy is wasted as heat. Examples of devices that waste energy as heat include:

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Which Type of Energy is Wasted?

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Wasted Energy

Energy is normally wasted as heat and sound Wasted energy dissipates (spreads out) into the surroundings. This dissipated energy is too spread out to do useful work and so cannot be re-used.

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Sankey Diagram A Candle

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Sankey Diagram A Candle

Energy in: Every second the candle transfers 100 joules of chemical energy Energy out: 20 joules into light energy and 80 joules into heat energy

Input energy
100 J electrical energy

Output energy
20 J light energy 80 J heat energy

So each block represents 10J

Only the width matters not the length

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Sankey Diagram Running Man

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Sankey Diagram - Running Man

Energy in: Every second the man transfers 2000 J of chemical energy Energy out: ? of useful kinetic, ? of useful sound, ? of wasted heat

sound energy 2000 J electrical energy kinetic energy heat energy

So each block represents 200 J

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Questions
1.

2.

3.

4.

Draw Sankey diagrams for the following on graph paper. Highlight the useful energy. Leave the right hand side of the graph paper empty. Light Bulb input: Electrical 200J output: Light 30J, Heat ?J Fire input: Chemical 200J output: Heat 150J, Light ?J and Sound 20J Drill input: Electrical 1000J output: Kinetic 300J, Sound 200J, Heat ?J Computer input: Electrical ?J output: Sound 50J, Light 100J, Heat 80J and Kinetic 20J
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Questions
1.

2.

3.

4.

Make Sankey diagrams for the following on graph paper. Highlight the useful energy. Leave the right hand side of the graph paper empty. Light Bulb input: Electrical 200J output: Light 30J, Heat 170J Fire input: Chemical 200J output: Heat 150J, Light 30J and Sound 20J Drill input: Electrical 1000J output: Kinetic 300J, Sound 200J, Heat 500J Computer input: Electrical 250J output: Sound 50J, Light 100J, Heat 80J and Kinetic 20J
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Energy Efficiency

Definition: The amount of energy transferred usefully. Can never exceed 1 or 100%. Equation: Efficiency = useful energy out total energy in It has no Units It can be a %

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Example
a)

A TV Supplies 50J of heat energy, 50J of sound energy, and 100J of light energy. What is the useful energy out?

b)

What is the total energy in?

c)

Calculate the efficiency of the TV?

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Whiteboard Questions

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Questions
a) b) c) 1.

2.

3.

4.

What is the useful energy out? What is the input energy in? Calculate is the efficiency? Light Bulb input: Electrical 200J output: Light 30J, Heat 170J Fire input: Chemical 200J output: Heat 150J, Light 30J and Sound 20J Drill input: Electrical 1000J output: Kinetic 300J, Sound 200J, Heat 500J Computer input: Electrical 250J output: Sound 50J, Light 100J, Heat 80J and Kinetic 20J
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1) Light Bulb
Electrical 200 J (total in) 170J 30J Heat (wasted)

a) useful energy out = 30J b) total energy in = 200J c) Efficiency = useful total = 30 200 = 0.15 or 15%

Light (useful)

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2) Fire
150J Chemical (total in) 200 J 30J

Heat (useful)
Light (useful) sound (wasted)

20J

a) useful energy out = 150 + 30 = 180 J b) total energy in = 200 J c) Efficiency = useful total = 180 200 = 0.9 or 90%

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3) Drill
300J Electrical 1000 J (total in) a) useful energy out = 300J b) total energy in = 1000J c) Efficiency = useful total = 300 1000 = 0.3 or 30%

Kinetic (useful)

200J Sound (wasted) 500J Heat (wasted)

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4) Computer
50J Electrical 250 J (total in) a) useful energy out = 170J b) total energy in = 250J c) Efficiency = useful total = 170 250 = 0.68 or 68%

Sound (useful)
100J Light (useful) 80J Heat (wasted)

20J

Kinetic (useful)

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Multiple-choice quiz

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Anagrams

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Efficiency
Aim: To create sankey diagrams To calculate efficiency

recap

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