STAGES OF HUMAN LIFE AND ITS NEEDS

Franelyne P. Casuga Faculty of Pharmacy University of Santo Tomas

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

INFANCY (1 month to 1 year)

Developing a sense of trust and belonging from a relationship with mother and father Differentiating self from environment

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

INFANCY (1 month to 1 year)

Learning Eat solid food Walk Explore Communicate

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

TODDLER (1 to 3 years)
Developing Will power Independence Learning Exploring environment

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

TODDLER (1 to 3 years)
Learning Feed self Run Communicate verbally Control urination

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

PRESCHOOL (3 to 6 years)
Developing Sexual identity Sense of initiative

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

PRESCHOOL (3 to 6 years)
Working on Autonomy Dressing self Washing

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

PRESCHOOL (3 to 6 years)
Developing sense of Time Space Distance

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

PRESCHOOL (3 to 6 years)
Developing sense of Imagination

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

SCHOOL-AGE (6 to puberty)
Developing Sense of work Planning and carrying out projects

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

SCHOOL-AGE (6 to puberty)
Learning the skills for survival in the childs culture Developing modesty Playing cooperatively

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

SCHOOL-AGE (6 to puberty)
Learning Read Calculate

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

SCHOOL-AGE (6 to puberty)
Developing neuromuscular coordination Learning to control emotions

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

ADOLESCENT (12 to 20 years)

Developing Physical maturity Autonomy from home and family Self-identity Coping with body images

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

YOUNG ADULTHOOD (18 to 40 years)

Establishment of enduring close physical and emotional relationships Child bearing Child rearing

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

YOUNG ADULTHOOD (18 to 40 years)

Establishing financial security Community responsibility Social interaction with peers

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

MIDDLE ADULT (40 TO 65 years)

Separation from children Establishment in a job Adapt to aged parents

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

MIDDLE ADULT (40 TO 65 years)

Adapt to physiological changes of aging Adjustment to altered relationship with spouse

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

OLDER ADULT (40 TO 65 years)

Acceptance of own life as valuable and appropriate Adaptation to reduced physical health and strength Possible death of spouse

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

OLDER ADULT (40 TO 65 years)

Adjustment to retirement income Development of relationship with new family members Adaptation to change in living location and style

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

Development proceeds in orderly and predictable pattern Thorough knowledge of normal behavior is required to detect abnormalities in development

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

BEHAVIOR
An expression of complex interaction Four fields Motor behavior Adaptive behavior Language development Personal social behavior

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

BEHAVIOR MOTOR BEHAVIOR
GROSS MOTOR Involves posturing of the head, trunk and extremities Necessitates movement of all or much of the body

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

BEHAVIOR MOTOR BEHAVIOR

FINE MOTOR Illustrated by well-coordinated movements of small muscles Fingers

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

BEHAVIOR ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR
Most significant Most closely related to intelligence Involves Ability to utilize and manipulate objects Motor and sensory coordination in the solution of practical problems Resourcefulness in using past experience in adjusting to new situations

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

BEHAVIOR LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
Ability to understand another person and to be able to make oneself understood Reflex sounds and feeble gestures (3rd week) Crying Cooing Babbling (3rd to 8th month) Ma-ma, da-da Gestures (starts at the 4th month) Word usage

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

BEHAVIOR PERSONAL SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
Affected by environment and culture Includes Habits affecting feeding, bowel and bladder control Ability to get along with other people

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES NEWBORN
Tonic neck reflex position when supine Fisted hands Complete head lag Dolls eye movement Startles (Moro reflex)

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 1 MONTH

Legs more extended Raises head slightly from prone position Watches person, follows moving object Smiles, diminishes activity when talked to

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DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 2 MONTHS
Symmetrical position Head control up to 45 from prone position Hands no longer fisted Change in activity when spoken to Vocalizes (small throaty sounds)

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 3 MONTHS

Moves head towards sound Holds rattle temporarily Alert

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DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 4 MONTHS

Can follow moving objects with eyes Both hands activate towards toy Takes toy in hand to mouth

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DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 5 MONTHS

Good head control Laughs loudly Reaches for objects

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DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 6 MONTHS

Sits with support Rolls over

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DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 7 MONTHS

Plays with rattle Bounces Recognizes familiar faces

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DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 8 MONTHS

Transfers objects from hand to hand Sits without support Imitates hand movement

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DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 9 MONTHS

Sits well Holds bottle when feeding Creeps

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 10 MONTHS

Pulls to feet Uses thumb and index finger to hold small objects Understands gestures

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 11 MONTHS
Stands with support Does nursery games (peek-a-boo) Repetitive consonant sounds (mama) Two words with meaning Responds to sound of name

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 12 MONTHS
Stands alone Cruises or walks holding to furniture Attempts to use a spoon Obeys commands or requests Cooperates in dressing

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 15 MONTHS
Walks alone, crawls up stairs Feeds self with spoon Builds tower of 2 cubes Jargon, four to five words Hugs parents

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 18 MONTHS
Seats self in childs chair Creeps up stairs Builds tower of 3 cubes Imitates a vertical stroke Plays ball Has 10 words

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 24 MONTHS
Runs well Can go up and down the stairs Uses a fork Combines 2 or 3 words in a sentence Toilet-trained during the day

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 2 YEARS
Runs well Can go up and down the stairs Uses a fork Combines 2 or 3 words in a sentence Toilet-trained during the day

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 2 YEARS
Jumps Builds tower of 6 cubes Imitates a circle Dry by night

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 3 YEARS
Stands on one leg Builds tower of 10 cubes Knows sex and full name Dresses self except for buttons and tying shoes

MAJOR DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 3 YEARS
Rides tricycle Dresses self except for buttons and tying shoes Counts to 3 or more

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DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 4 YEARS
Walks up and downstairs alternating feet Imitates a cross Recognizes 2 or more colors Cleans oneself, combs hair and brushes teeth

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DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 6 YEARS
Can write fairly well Draws a complete person with clothes Adds and subtracts Distinguishes between left and right Dresses self completely