An alternative for the use of non renewable and polluting fossil fuels

SUN

Mean dia - 1.392109 m 109 Earths Equatorial radius - 6.955108 m 109 Earths

Surface area - 6.08771018 m 11,990 Earths

Mass - 1.9891 1030 kg 332,946 Earths

Contd
Equatorial circumference Volume Equatorial surface gravity 4.379109 m 109 x that of Earth 1.41221027 m 1,300,000 Earths 274.0 m/s2 27.94 g 28 x Earth's surface gravity 617.7 km/s 55 x Earths 5,778 K ~5106 K ~15.7106 K

Escape velocity (from the surface)

Temperature of surface (effective) Temperature of corona Temperature of core

Solar Constant
The amount of the Sun's incoming electromagnetic radiation (Solar radiation) per unit area, measured on the outer surface of Earth's atmosphere in a plane perpendicular to the rays.

It includes all types of solar radiation

It is measured by satellite to be roughly 1366 W/m,though this fluctuates by about 6.9% during a year (from 1412 W/m in early January to 1321 W/m in early July) due to the earth's varying distance from the Sun.

Contd
In 1884, Samuel Pierpont Langley attempted to estimate the

Solar constant from Mount Whitney in California

The value he obtained, 2903 W/m, was still too great

Between 1902 and 1957, measurements by Charles Greeley Abbot and others at various high-altitude sites found values between 1322 and 1465 W/m.

Abbott proved that one of Langley's corrections was erroneously applied

Life of Sun
This can be estimated by assuming that the sun will "die" when it runs out of energy to keep it shining.

The time for this to occur is roughly the total energy the sun has that can be turned into light, divided by the rate at which the sun is giving off energy, or:
Lifetime =(energy)/(rate [energy/time] at which sun emits energy) where The rate at which the sun emits energy (its luminosity) is around 3.8 x 1026 Watts This number can be determined from measurements of how bright the sun appears from Earth as well as its distance from us.

Another method
Sun shines via nuclear reactions in the core that transform four hydrogen atoms into one helium atom One helium atom < four hydrogen atoms combined (0.7% of the original mass has "disappeared" ) This missing mass converted to energy E = 0.007 x M c2 10% of the sun's mass is in the central part of the sun where it is hot enough to undergo nuclear reactions E = 0.007 x 0.1 x Msun c2 Msun is the total mass of the sun, 2 x 1030 kilograms By calculating, Total energy the sun has to burn is around 1.3 x 1044 Joules Dividing 3.8 x 1026 Watts (the rate at which the sun is giving off energy) into this number gives an approximate value of 10 billion years for the sun's lifetime

Black hole
According to Einsteins general theory of relativity, as mass is added to a degenerate star a sudden collapse will take place and the intense gravitational field of the star will close in on itself. Such a star then forms a "black hole" in the universe. Black holes are thought to form from heavy stars (perhaps those which start off with masses more than 20 or 25 times that of the Sun). When these stars end their lives in a supernova explosion, their cores collapse and gravity wins out over any other force that might be able to hold the star up

Supernova
A supernova is a stellar explosion. They are extremely luminous and cause a burst of radiation that often briefly outshines an entire galaxy before fading from view over several weeks or months. During this short interval, a supernova can radiate as much energy as the Sun could emit over its life span. The explosion expels much or all of a star's material at a velocity of up to a tenth the speed of light, driving a shock wave into the surrounding interstellar medium.

This shock wave sweeps up an expanding shell of gas and dust called a supernova remnant

How solar energy is produced?

The sun creates its energy through a thermonuclear process that converts about 650,000,000 tons of hydrogen to helium every second. The process creates heat and electromagnetic radiation.

The heat remains in the sun and is instrumental in maintaining the thermonuclear reaction.
The electromagnetic radiation (including visible light, infra-red light, and ultra-violet radiation) streams out into space in all directions.

Contd
Solar power is nothing but the sunlight that shines on the Earths surface.

It has been estimated that one hour of solar power on the earth can meet the energy demand of the world for one year.

it can be used as a heat source an energy source.

Solar energy is produced out of solar radiation, the Sunlight.

The sunlight on reaching the upper portion of the earths atmosphere passes through many layers inside that. The radiation is used as chemical energy by the plants Human beings use that in the form of heat energy.