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Communications Systems
Ref: Moir & Seabridge, Chapter 7 Dr Ron Smith
Outline
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Introduction RF propagation & modulation techniques Radio communications Data link In-class exercises
1. Introduction
Communications: The ability to communicate by either voice or data link with friendly forces (wingman, airborne command centre, ground troops ).
The communication control function is increasingly becoming integrated with the flight management system,
automatically selecting and tuning the communications required for each lag of the flight.
1.2 RF Spectrum[1]
Communication equipment:
High frequency radio (HF) Very high frequency (VHF) Ultra high frequency (UHF) Satellite (SATCOM) Data (Data links)
The antennas must be strategically located so as to minimize interference and to optimize reception / transmission for all aircraft attitudes.
Modulation is accomplished by varying a parameter of the carrier wave such as the amplitude, frequency or phase.
Even using a quarter wavelength whip antenna, you would need to drag a wire 25 km long behind your aircraft!
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-B
fc-fm
2B
fc+fm
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2.3.3 Demodulation of AM
m(t)cos ct Received signal cos ct Carrier
m(t)cos(ct)cos(ct)
Low Pass Filter
m(t)/2 Message
-2c
2c
The Low Pass Filter allows the low-frequency message through, and stops the high-frequency side bands. 16
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So, the bandwidth required of an FM signal is at least twice the bandwidth of the message.
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FM does require a wider frequency band, but it achieves a higher efficiency as more of the energy is concentrated in the signal as opposed to the carrier.
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3. Radio communications
HF VHF UHF Satellite
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[http://www.ips.gov.au] 26
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R = 12.7 H1 + 12.7 H 2
where: R is range in km H1 and H2 are the heights of the antennas in m.
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AN/ARC-210
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AN/ARC-164
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Inmarsat-3 35
Inmarsat-3 36
Inmarsat-3 37
4. Data link
Provides faster, more precise communications than voice Provides encryption and built-in error-correction
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URC-138
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5. In-class exercises
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References
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Moir & Seabridge, Military Avionics Systems, American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 2006. [Sections 2.6 & 2.7] Wikipedia Military Communication Systems, LFTSP course notes, ECE Dept, RMC, 2007 Air Power Australia, http://www.ausairpower.net/TE-NCWJanFeb-05.html. Georgia State University, hyperphsyics, http://hyperphysics.phyastr.gsu.edu/hbase/audio/bcast.html#c3 Mark A. Hicks, "Clip art licensed from the Clip Art Gallery on DiscoverySchool.com"
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