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Introduction to Ramadhan.
The fourth pillar of Islam is fasting. Allah prescribes daily fasting for all able, adult Muslims during the whole of the month of Ramadan, the ninth month of the lunar calendar beginning with the sighting of the new moon.
It is fard kifayah (a collective duty) on the muslims to make an effort to sight the moon of Ramadan on the 29th of shaban.
What is fasting???
The third pillar of Islam is fasting the month of Ramadan, in Arabic saum. Ramadan is the 9th month of the Islamic lunar calendar. During Ramadan, Muslims who are physically able are required to fast from dawn to sunset. Fasting means refraining from food, drink, smoking, and sexual intercourse.
hadith:
Narrated Abu Huraira (r.a): The Messenger of Allah (saw) said:"... whoever fasts during Ramadan out of sincere faith and hoping to attain Allah's rewards, then all his past sins will be forgiven." (Imam bukhari)
Fundamentals of fasting.
Niyyah (intention) for the compulsory fast of Ramadan to be Accepted, the intension to fast must be made before fajr.
Suhur (pre-dawn meal): it is encouraged to take this meal, even if it is only a drink of water. Iftar (breaking fast) it is highly recommended that the fast be Broken as soon as magrib. Dua for breaking the fast. Salah at tarawih (the night prayer)
Benefits of fasting...
Fasting gives the individual a real taste of hunger and thirst which helps him realize the experience of the poor. It is required that the individual gives up not only food, drink, and sexual relations, but also all forms of lying (eg. Backbiting ,slander, etc.) It has also been noted by the medical experts that fasting improves the physical health in numerous ways. Fasting trains the individual for jihad by giving him a good course in self control.
Purpose of fasting
Develop taqwa (consciousness of Allah (s.w.t))
It is achieved by placing a shield between oneself and Allahs (s.w.t) wrath (which means avoiding the haram as well as makuruh and some of the halal wherever a doubt arises.
Conditions of fasting
To be a muslim. To have reached the age of puberty. To be sane. To be physically able. To be a resident, not a traveller.
Types of fast
Wajib (obligatory fast) Mustahab (recommended fasts)
Suhoor.
Hadith : Anas bin Malik said, "The Prophet and Zaid bin
Thabit took the 'Suhur' together and after finishing the meal, the Prophet (saws) stood up and prayed (Fajr prayer)." I asked Anas, "How long was the interval between finishing their 'Suhur' and starting the prayer?" He replied, "The interval between the two was just sufficient to recite fifty Verses of the Qur'an)."
Iftar
Hadith: Not a single prayer made by a fasting person at the time
of breaking fast is rejected. (Ibne Mjah)
Salah...
What is Salah??
Salah is ordained on Muslims five times a day and is essentially the spiritual nourishment of the soul of the believer as well as the divine connection between Allah and the believer. There are 5 prayers throughout the day: Fajr (pre-dawn), Dhuhr (afternoon), Asr (postafternoon), Maghrib (evening), Isha (night).
Tarawee
When the month of Ramadhan begins, Muslims enter into a period of discipline and worship: fasting during the day, and praying throughout the day and night. During Ramadan, special evening prayers are conducted during which long portions of the Qur'an are recited. These special prayers are known as tarawee. The word taraweeh comes from an Arabic word which means to rest and relax. The prayer can be very long (well over an hour), during which one stands upright to read from the Qur'an and performs many cycles of movement (standing, bowing, prostrating, sitting). After each four cycles, one sits for a brief period of rest before continuing -- this is where the name taraweeh("rest prayer") comes from.
Qiyaam al-Layl
You should pray Qiyaam al-Layl, for it is the habit of the righteous people who came before you, and it will bring you closer to your Lord, expiate for bad deeds, prevent sin, and expel disease from the body. [At-Tirmidhee ] Abu Hurayrah (r.a) reported that Allah's Messenger (s.a.w) said: The best of prayer after those prescribed (i.e. obligatory prayer) is that in the depth of night. [Saheeh Muslim]
Eid ul fitr
Eid ul-Fitr is one holy festival for Muslims, which marks the end of Holy Month, Ramadhan. It is an Arabic word, juvenile amalgamation of Eid and Fitr, which means festivity and the breaking of fast, respectively. The festival is celebrated on the conclusion of the fasting during the month of Ramadhan Muslim grace with presence at the congregational prayer service that held in morning. Eid-ul-Fitr has a meticulous Islamic prayer, which consists of two rakaah or simply units in a large hall or an open field. Muslims of all age group wear new clothes, cook some delicious and tasty food, invite relative, neighbors and friends to celebrate the auspicious day with them. According to Muslim belief, they are commanded by Almighty God to do the fasting until the conclusion of Ramadhan as mentioned in Holy Quran and also pay Zakat-alfitr before offering the Eid prayer.
THE END.