PRESENTATION OF INDUSTRIAL TRAINING ON THERMAL POWER PLANT AT NTPC,DADRI

Submitted To:Mr. D.K.Verma HOD(M.E.Department) U.C.E.R,Gr.Noida

Submitted by:Prakhar Rai Tyagi. ME -7thSem. 0819340405

 NTPC,

the largest power Company in India, was setup in 1975 to accelerate power development in the country. NTPC has installed capacity of 34,194MW. It has 15 coal based power stations (27,395 MW) & 7 gas based power stations (4,955 MW) 4 power stations in Joint Ventures (1,844 MW). The company has power generating facilities in all major regions of the country. It plans to be a 75,000 MW company by 2017.

 Installed Capacity 1500 MW Location Dadri, Uttar Pradesh Coal Source North Karanpura Water Source MAT Branch Canal Beneficiary States UttarPradesh,Uttranchal,

Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and, Himachal Pradesh, Chandigarh Unit Sizes Stage - I: 4x 210 MW Stage -II: 2x 490 MW

Prime mover coupled to Alternator. Prime mover is driven by energy obtained from various sources such as burning of fuel , pressure of water, force of wind etc.
Fig. Fundamental of generation of Electricity

A generating station which converts heat energy of coal combustion into electrical energy is known as a steam power station. Steam is produced in the boiler by utilizing the heat of coal combustion. The steam is then expanded in the steam turbine and is condensed in a condenser to be fed into the boiler again. The steam turbine drives the alternator which converts mechanical energy of the turbine into electrical energy.

a. Steam generating equipment b. Condenser c. Prime mover d. Electrical equipment

Steam generating equipment includes: Boiler Superheater Economiser Air Pre-heater

Boiler
A boiler is closed vessel in which water is converted into steam by utilising the heat of coal combustion. Steam boilers are broadly classified into following two types: (a) Water tube boilers (b) Fire tube boilers
In a water tube boiler, water flows through the tubes and the hot gases of combustion flow over these tubes. Water-tube boilers are used for high-pressure boilers

Figure-water tube boiler

Figure- fire tube boiler

 A device which removes last traces of moisture. It helps in reduction in requirement of steam

quantity. steam being dry reduces the mechanical resistance of turbine. No corrosion at the turbine blades.

 They

are such devices which recover the heat from the flue gases on their way to chimney and raise the temperature of feed water. Air Pre-heaters recover the heat from the flue gases leaving the economiser and heat the incoming air required for combustion

 Which

condenses the steam at the exhaust of turbine. It creates a very low pressure at the exhaust of turbine, this helps in converting heat energy of steam into mechanical energy in the prime mover. The condensed steam can be used as feed water to the boiler.

A steam

turbine is a mechanical device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam, and converts it into mechanical energy. About 86% of all electric generation in the world is by use of steam turbines. It has almost completely replaced the reciprocating piston steam engine.

 Source

of coal = North Karanpura

(JHARKHAND)

Location Distance Type

of source = Hazaribagh,Ramgarh in the chhapra

distt. of (JHARKHHAND) = 1200kms

of source from plant

of coal = D grade

Coal requirement = 25,000 MT/Day

There are 14 conveyers in the plant. They are 1m wide,3cm thick and made of chemically treated vulcanized rubber and move with speed of 250300m/min. Motors employed for conveyers has a capacity of 150hp. ZERO SPEED SWITCH- It is a safety device for motors i.e. if belt is not moving and motor is on then the switch checks the speed of the belt and switches off the motor when speed is zero.

MILLS
Generally thermal power stations use coal mills or called coal firing system. Coal is reduced to fineness (-20mm). This fine powdered coal is called pulverized coal and is carried forward to the burner by air through pipes.

A natural result from the burning of fossil fuels, particularly coal, is the emission of fly ash. Ash is mineral matter present in the fuel. For a pulverized coal unit, 60-80% of ash leaves with the flue gas. Electrostatic precipitator has series of collecting & emitting electrodes in a chamber. At the inlet of the chamber there are distributer screen. Hooper and flushing system form a base of chamber. Efficiency of ESP is approx. 99.8%

SWITCHYARD
Switchyard is considered as the HEART of power plant. It is a junction , which carries the generated power to its destination. It is basically an open area where many different kind of outdoor equipments are located. eg: busbars , transformers , circuit breakers etc. Switch yards can be of 400KV, 132KV.

Figure-switchyard

THANKS