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Types of Turbines
Bulb turbine used at La Rance tidal plant on the Brittany coast in France
http://www.acre.murdoch.edu.au/ago/ocean/tidal.html
http://www.unesco.org/courier/1998_08/photoshr/33.htm
Turbines, cont.
Rim turbine used at Annapolis Royal in Nova Scotia
Tubular turbine proposed for use in the Severn tidal project in Great Britain
http://www.acre.murdoch.edu.au/ago/ocean/tidal.html
Other Possibilities
Tidal Fences Completely blocks a channel so as the tide rises, water is forced through the styles to turn them. Can be used between islands or between a mainland and an island as opposed to only across the mouth of a confined bay.
http://www.acre.murdoch.edu.au/ago/ocean/tidal.html http://abcnews.go.com/sections/scitech/DailyNews/tidalpower010404.html
Tidal Turbines Only been feasible for about 5 years Similar to wind turbines, they use tidal currents to turn propellers mounted on the seabed to generate power.
http://www.poemsinc.org/FAQtidal.html#5 http://www.fujitaresearch.com/reports/tidalpower.html
http://www.acre.murdoch.edu.au/ago/ocean/wave.html
http://www.fujitaresearch.com/reports/tidalpower.html
http://energy.saving.nu/hydroenergy/wave.shtml
Gilbrat Ratio
- ratio of annual energy production in kilowatt hours to length of barrage in meters. - used to determine cost effectiveness and efficiency of tidal power site http://www.iclei.org/efacts/tidal.htm
Advantages
Renewable Abundant (estimated that it could produce 16% of worlds energy.) Pollution free (except during construction) Relatively consistent (unlike wind that is inconsistent and is highly concentrated in certain areas depending on the topography.) Water is a free resource Presents no difficulty to migrating aquatic animals (avoidable)
http://www.geology.wisc.edu/~pbrown/g410/tidal/tidal.html http://www.hawaii.gov/dbedt/ert/wavereport/wave.pdf
Disadvantages
Disturbance/Destruction to marine life (effect wave climate that effects shallow/shore plant life) Expensive to construct (estimated 1.2 billion dollars.) Reliability ( have not been around long so we do not know long-term reliability is.) Recreational costs (visual impact, sport fishing, swimming, etc.) Cost of Maintenance Higher Power transmission from offshore facilities harder Power quality (waves fluctuation)
http://www.geology.wisc.edu/~pbrown/g410/tidal/tidal.html http://www.hawaii.gov/dbedt/ert/wavereport/wave.pdf
The extraction of large quantities of tidal energy is possible however, large scale tidal power operations are not technologically or economically feasible at the present time. Tidal sites are therefore limited to more modest developments.
http://www.geology.wisc.edu/~pbrown/g410/tidal/tidal.html