POWER SYSTEM STABILITY ANALYSIS WITH LARGE LEVEL PENETRATION OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION

Ravi Sharma M.Tech Research Scholar, Electrical Engineering Dept . of D.C.R.U.S.T, Murthal (Sonipat)
ABSTRACT
This dissertation work is essentially concerned with the stability studies of power systems with different penetration levels of distributed generation. DG technologies become popular due to various environmental and economic issues. Distributed generation can be defined as on site generation i.e. generation near the load. The prime movers of DGs technologies use both renewable and non-renewable sources of energy. Most of DGs technologies are based on renewable sources of energy. The problems with distributed generation arise when they are interconnected with the electric grid. When connected in small amount the impact of DG on power system is negligible, however, when the penetration level of DG is increased its starts influencing the whole power system including the transient stability of the power system and in this case their impact on the power system cant be ignored. The DG output characteristics and type of grid connection depends on the primary source of energy. The system transient stability can be investigated with transient stability indicators like rotor speed deviation, oscillation time, voltage deviation etc. The transient stability of the power system is investigated in two way first, with no change in the all centralized generators active and reactive power control and no change in the inertia of their rotating masses, secondly, with considerable reduction in centralized generators with increase in penetration level of DG which also lead to decrease in system inertia as DG may be connected through power electronics converters. For both the cases changes in the values of transient stability indicators are compared to investigate the impact of DG. For simulation purpose popular P. M. Anderson 9 bus system is modified. DigSILENT PowerFactory 14.1.3 software package is used for simulating the proposed model

SIMULATION TEST SYSTEM

The P. M. Anderson 9 bus system is modified for connecting DGs. This modified test system model in DigSILENT Power Factory is shown in figure below.

CONCLUSION
The conclusion of my dissertation is that small penetration of distributed generation has negligible effect. But when DG penetration increase it starts influencing the whole power system. As I investigate transient stability in two scenario the effect of DG penetration is different for both the scenarios. In first scenario, when conventional generators inertia is not altered integration of large amount DG into the grid results in better transient stability of the power system. In second scenario, with increasing amounts of renewable power connected to the power system, the amount of conventional units connected will reduce and the reduction of these units cause a loss of the inertia of the power system. So that it can be conclude that removing conventional units from the grid leads to poor stability of the system and this concluded by observing the variation in power system stability indicators.in second scenario, the simulation results shows that the integration of DG into the power system will lead to power instability problems with disturbances like load switching, fault cases etc. It is observed that the effect of distributed generation also depends on the location of DG and the type of disturbance. Most of the DGs are designed for generating active powers only so the reactive power demand is covered by CGs only.

REFERENCES
[1] P. Anderson and A. Fouad, Power System Control and Stability. Piscataway, US: Wiley - IEEE Press, 2002 [2] Anurag K. Srivastava, Aarti Asok Kumar SYSTEMS JOURNAL, VOL. 6, NO. 1, MARCH 2012. [3] Pieter Tielens, Dirk Van Hertem, Grid Inertia and Frequency Control in Power Systems with High Penetration of Renewables, Young Researchers Symposium in Electrical Power Engineering edition:6 location:Delft, The Netherlands date:16-17 April 2012. [4] M. A. Chapman, A. Martinez, E Sabir, Z. Wang, and Y. Liu Switching and fault caused transients in electric power systems, Proceedings of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, Volume 2, Pages: 1015 1021, , 31 Jan-4 Feb 1999. [5] ] M. Reza, Member, IEEE, P. H. Schavemaker, Member, IEEE, J. G. Slootweg, and Noel N. Schulz, Impact of

Distributed Generations with Energy Storage Devices on the Electric Grid, IEEE

FLOW CHART FOR TRANSIENT STABILITY ANALYSIS

OBJECTIVES
The inertia of synchronous machines plays a signicant role in todays power systems in order to stabilize the grid disturbances during a transient disturbance caused by load switching and different kind of faults. Renewable energy generators that are integrated to the electrical grid through power converters do not contribute to this stabilization process as most of the DG system are inertia less. The solar plant does not have any inertia, the wind farm and small hydro which are directly connected to grid without power electronics convertor are contribute to some gain in overall inertial. The main objective of this dissertation is to study the impact of increased in penetration level of distributed generation on power system stability in two ways: i. No reduction in the overall system inertia with integration of DG and the penetration level is defined according to load covered by DGs ii. Reduction in overall system inertia due to integration of DG in the system as conventional generators unit replaced by static or inertia less generator

Member, IEEE, W. L. Kling, Member, IEEE and L. van der Sluis, Senior Member, IEEE . Impacts of distributed generation penetration levels on power systems transient stability, Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2004. IEEE, pages 2150-2155, , 10 June 2004.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Ravi Sharma Electrical Department DCRUST, Murthal, Sonipat, Haryana Under The Guidance of Dr. Mukhtiar Singh Associate Professor DTU, Delhi And Er. Deepesh Sharma Assistant professor DCRUST, Murthal, Sonipat, Haryana

RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATION DESIGN 2012

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