Learning

Knowledge Belongs to the Commons

Todays Topics
Not to teach mathematics Not to teach physical chemistry Not to teach uncertainty Not to test knowledge Not to tell Jokes (I dont know how)

Todays Topics
Piagets 4 stages of cognitive development Learning information classification and coding Learning
Memorization and recall Analysis Synthesis

Problem Solving Skills Habits of Mind

What is Learning?
Learning is acquiring new, or modifying and reinforcing existing, knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of information. (Wikipedia)

Infant

Sensory Motor Stage

Preschool and Kindergarten

Pre-operational Stage

Primary School

Concrete Operational Stage

Secondary School (adolescence)

Formal Operational Stage

Piagets 4 stages
Sensorimotor (0 2 years) Pre-operational (2 7 years) Concrete operational (7 11 years) Formal operational (over 11 years)

Infant Preschool and Kindergarten

Data Acquisition Rules of Operation

Primary School

Operation based on real objects

Secondary School

Operations based on abstraction

Adult

Analysis & Synthesis

Sensing
Data Collection Classification
Feature Language

Identification
Schema

Memorization
Short term memory
Permanency

Long term memory

Pattern recognition Memory recall

Schema Fitting and Reading

Speed reading
Out of order words Misspelled words

Face recognition Memory recall technique

Learning
Memorization and application Abstract operation
Symbolize and Symbol manipulation

Analysis
Extension of abstract operation

Synthesis
Creation of new knowledge New schema based on old schema

Rules of Operation
Experience based Logic based

What is Knowledge?
Data Information classification

Information Knowledge abstraction

Acquisition Data

Classification

Information Analysis/Synthesis

Knowledge Experience

Computer Memory Model

Input buffer Transient Memory

Register

Short term memory

RAM

Long term memory

Secondary Storage

Long term memory

Memorization in Learning
Capture the data
Transient memory

Classify the data

Short term memory

Schema fitting and storing and recall

Long term memory

Data Acquisition

Filter

Classification

Schema

Memorization

Thinking
Cognitive Analytic Synthetic Creative Critical Logical

Logical Thinking
Thinking with logic Identify the inter-relationship between items and their truth Basis for analytical thinking Effective only through abstraction of ideas

Analytical Thinking
Based on logical thinking Basis for critical thinking Identify the parts in a complex system Able to seek for the facts and the truth of the facts
Asking relevant questions

Deduce the truth of the whole system

Critical Thinking
Based on analytical thinking Analyze the whole system Look for the fallacies Avoid falling into logical traps

Creative Thinking
Linking of unrelated ideas in memory Result in new ideas with novelty Logic is usually not important

Horizontal and Vertical Thinking

Horizontal thinking creative thinking Vertical thinking analytical thinking Brainstorming needs
Horizontal thinking element Vertical thinking element

Synthetic Thinking
Combine unrelated ideas into a coherent idea
Creative thinking with experience based
Many ideas

Analytical thinking with logic based

Applicability

Mapping of QF Levels
QF Level 2 3 4 5 6 7 Type of Thinking Cognitive Cognitive Cognitive (+ analytical) Analytical Analytical (+ synthetic) Synthetic

A Very Special Patient

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Problem Solving
Problem Statement Information Collection Analysis of information Synthesize solutions Evaluation solutions and find optimal solution Carry out the solution and evaluate results Internalization of results

16 Habits of Mind
Arthur L. Costa, Bena Kallick; Describing 16 Habits of Mind. http://www.habits-ofmind.net/ Develop Critical and Creative Thinking Problem Solving Good Approach to Everyday Work

16 Habits of Mind
1. Persisting 2. Managing Impulsivity 3. Listening To Others With Understanding and Empathy 4. Thinking Flexibly

16 Habits of Mind
5. Thinking About our Thinking (Metacognition) 6. Striving for Accuracy and Precision 7. Questioning and Posing Problems 8. Applying Past Knowledge to New Situations

16 Habits of Mind
9. Thinking and Communicating with Clarity and Precision 10. Gathering Data through All Senses 11. Creating, Imagining, and Innovating 12. Responding with Wonderment and Awe

16 Habits of Mind
13. Taking Responsible Risks 14. Finding Humor 15. Thinking Interdependently 16. Learning Continuously