COMMUNICATIVE ASPECTS OF ERROR ANALYSIS

Ch.9 Keshavarz E.Zabibh

INTRODUCTION

In addition to their important role in the study of lg acquisition in general & 2nd or foreign lg learning ,errors are also important in terms of different communicative tasks learners perform & the effects their errors may have on communicative with native speakers of the target lg.

ERRORS RELATED TO DIFFERENT

COMMUNICATIVE TASKS

Differences are observed in performance depending on whether the communicative task is: - spoken -written.

QUESTION
Do foreign lg learners make more errors in spontaneous speech or written discourse? Foreign lg learners tend to commit relatively more errors in spontaneous speech than in written discourse.

-Time Hulstin suggests that poor learners need more time to produce speech material because they have little control over their linguistic awareness. Krashen believes that the learners monitor operates under 3 condition: -Time -Focus on form - knowledge of the rule

Krashen suggests that tasks which require learners to focus on content are more likely to produce errors than those which force them to concentrate on forms .

NATIVE SPEAKER JUDGMENT OF

LEARNERS ERRORS

Researchers in the 70s & early 80s asses the effect of errors on communication by asking native speakers to evaluate 2nd lg learners speech or writing samples. These communicative errors studies emphasized three major components in which errors mentioned:

Phonology

Pronunciation Successful communication seems to be mostly dependent on the correct pronunciation of 2nd lg sound system, too deviant & faulty pro. Can lead to failure in communication

Vocabulary
The degree to which errors in vocab. Use effect the comprehensibility of learners utterances has been studied. The incomprehensible sentences contain some word error :wrong ,extra, omitted Vocab. Errors are ranked at the top, incorrect choice of words is the greatest handicap to effective communication.

Semantic

Grammar
syntax

What aspects of grammar of TL may interfere with comprehension & disrupt the flow of communication. Global local

Global errors are those that violate rules involving the overall structure of a sentence, the relations among constituents clauses or , in a simple sentence the relations among major constituents. Local errors cause trouble in a particular constituent or in a clause of a complex sentence. example. I like take taxi but my friend said so not that we should be late for school. If I heard from him I will let you know

Question Which of the two categories of the errors is more serious in terms of communication? Global errors are higher than local errors. Errors involving word order , missing subject, those that confuse the relationship of clauses are more important than omitted article or inflectional morpheme in 3rd singular. o In other words, errors in pluralization , article usage, tense usage , etc, are less important in terms of sentence comprehensibility than errors in word order, or choice & placement of appropriate connectors.

Hendrickson modified global / local errors distinction: Global error a communicative error that causes a proficient speaker of a foreign lg either to misinterpret an oral or written message or to consider the message incomprehensible within the textual content of the error. Local error is a linguistic error that makes a form or structure in a sentence appear awkward but nevertheless, causes a proficient speaker of a foreign lg little or no difficulty in understanding the intended meaning of the sentence , given its contextual framework.

Note It was found that most global errors resulted from inadequate lexical knowledge ,misuse of preposition & pronouns , & seriously misspelled lexical items.

Most local errors , were caused by omission of prepositions , lack of subject-verb agreement , misspelled words , & faulty lexical choice.

Thanks for your attention