Tata Kelola TIK

(IT Governance)

IT Governance ?
IT Governance is the responsibility of the Board of Directors and executive management, it is an integral part of enterprise governance and consist of the leadership and organizational structures and processes that ensure that the organizations IT sustains and extends the organizations strategy and objectives. (IT Governance Institute, 2001) Specifying the decision rights and accountability framework to encourage desirable behaviour in using IT. (Peter Weill & Jeanne W Ross MIT, 2004)

IT Governance ? (cont.)
The system by which the current and future use of ICT is directed and controlled. It involves evaluating and directing the plans for the use of ICT to support the organization and monitoring this use to achieve plans. It includes the strategy and policies for using ICT within an organization. (Australian Standard on Corporate Governance of ICT, 2005)

IT Governance vs IT Management
IT Governance concentrates on performing and transforming IT to meet present and future demands of business. IT Governance is organizaton specific, and direct control over IT can not be delegated to the market. (Peterson, 2003)

External

IT Governance

Business Orientation

IT Management
Internal

IT Management is focused on the internal effectivity supply of IT services and products, and also the management of IT operations.

Present

Future

Time Orientation

IT Governance
Defined as: The management of risk & compliance. The overall methodology by which IT is directed, administered and controlled

Governance Compliance

Three Pillars of IT Governance

IT Governance

Infrastructure Management

IT Use/Demand Management

IT Project Management

IT Governance Landscape

Mengapa Tata Kelola menjadi penting ?

Why IT is important in the first place?

There is a shift of the meaning of asset. Nowdays, intangible asset (information, knowledge, expertise, reputation, trust, customer) is an important part for companys sustainable competitive advantage.
And, many of these assets rely on IT!

Furthermore, IT is not just seen as business enabler. Service delivery in the financial world is entirely dependent on IT and requires system reliability and information integrity. No banking transaction can be executed without the IT infrastructure.

Why IT Governance?
IT requires huge investments. But few (top executives) knows how to make IT Dept accountable for delivering value! They need some special governing tool to measure IT, because IT is considered too technical. But too important to ignore! And yet, IT itself introduces new risk that has to be managed properly.

Pressures for IT Governance

AS-8015 Good Corporate Governance for ICT

So what are the pressures & drivers?

1. Accountability for bringing business value, as IT investment is huge. 2. To minimize risk, operations heavily depens on IT 3. Preasures from regulators 4. Agreement with business partner: 5. Pressures from customer for better service. If not taken seriously, customer may switch to other provider! 6. Technological changes introduce new opportunity or new risk! 7. Organizations GCG programme may require all areas to be governed properly.

IT Governance Framework

IT Governance Framework

IT Governance Framework

Peterson Model (2003) of IT Governance Structures, Process & Relationship Mechanisms

Process

Structural Mechanisms

IT Governance Framework

IT Governance Outcomes

Relationship Mechanisms

Fokus
menjamin keberhasilan hubungan antara TI dan strategi organisasi dalam mencapai tujuan organisasi

PRINSIP
Prinsip 1
Perencanaan TIK yang sinergis dan konvergen di level internal institusi dan nasional

Prinsip 2

Penetapan kepemimpinan dan tanggung jawab TIK yang jelas di level internal institusi dan nasional

Prinsip 3

Pengembangan dan/atau akuisi TIK secara valid

Prinsip 4

Memastikan operasi TIK berjalan dengan baik, kapan pun dibutuhkan

Prinsip 5
.

Memastikan terjadinya proses peningkatan yang berkesinambungan dengan memperhatikan faktor manajemen perubahan organisasi dan sumberdaya manusia

MODEL
Model Tata Kelola TIK Nasional dapat dibagi ke dalam dua bagian utama:

Struktur & Peran Tata Kelola yaitu elemen apa saja yang berperan dalam pengelolaan proses-proses TIK dan bagaimana pemetaan perannya dalam pengelolaan proses-proses TIK tersebut. Struktur dan peran tata kelola ini mendasari seluruh proses tata kelola TIK. Proses Tata Kelola yaitu prosesproses yang ditujukan untuk memastikan bahwa tujuan utama tata kelola dapat tercapai, terutama yang terkait dengan: pencapaian tujuan organisasi, pengelolaan sumber daya, dan manajemen risiko.