Mandibular movement

There are two basic mandibular movement 1- functional movement Natural and characteristic movement that ocuring during mastication speech yawning 2- parafunctional movement Unnatural and noncharacteristic movement as Clenching and bruxism tapping grinding Def\\ mandibular movement occur around TMJ which is capable of making complex movements
NB\\maxillomandibular relationshipe varies every second during Mandibular movements

Structure and function of TMJ

TMJ \\ bilateral diarthroidoal synovial hinge joint
Their movments are synchronized and act together to produce The various mandibular movment and joint cannot function independently on each side

Joint has capsule and articular disc

Glenoid fossa of temporal bone and the condyle of mandible form articular surfaces

Joint cavity dividing into upper and lower compartment by articular

disc

It is compound joint as it is one with more than two bones articulating [articular disc acts as third bone] Each compartment acts as seperate joint during function

Types of mandibular movement

1-Rotation [hinge movemnt] the lower compartment shows
hinge movement during hinge movement condyle move against articular disc and glenoid fossa[which together act as single unit]

2-Translation [gliding movement] the upper compartment

shows anteroposterior gliding when this movement occur the condyle and disc move as single unit against glenoid fossa

NB\\ the structure of TMJ is complex and capable of functional

and nonfunctional movement Basic movement of joint and bone are similar in dentulous and edentulous patients Occlusion in complete denture should be harmony with these movements

The major factors determine the mandibular movement

1-Condylar guidance 2-Incisal guidance 1-Condylar guidance [ posterior determinant] 3-Neuromuscular factors

Def\\as mandibular guidance generated by the condyle and articular

disc traversing the contoure of glenoid fossa NB\\glenoid fossa and condyle are the articulating surfaces of TMJ Condyle moves along surface of glenoid fossa during mandibular movement so surface of glenoid fossa detrmines the path of movement of condyle The slope of glenoid fossa isnot straight it is S bend so condyle also moves along [S] shaped path This shape of glenoid fossa which determines the path of movement of condyle is called [ the condylar guidance] NB\\the condylar guidance can be measured using [protrusive interocclusal recod]