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Where ?

We
WE ARE ALLare…
KNOW THAT WE ARE
LIVE IN THE EARTH AND THE
EARTH BELONGS TO THE SOLAR
FAMILY ………
NO ONE KNOW THAT WERE THE
SOLAR FAMILY IS . WE WILL
DISCUSS ABOUT WHERE IT IS.,
AND HOW IT FORMED BASED ON
VARIOUS THEORY ABOUT ORGIN
OF SPACE.
G.RAJA
Designed By:
UNIVERSE
NO ONE KNOW HOW BIG THE UNIVERSE
IS.
IT IS VERY VERY ………BIG.
UNIVERE CONSIST OF EVERY THING
THAT EXIST……

UNIVERSE IS STILL EXPANDING ………



IT IS ESTIMATED THAT THERE ARE
MORE THAN 1000 BILLION GALIXES
AND EACH CONTAIN MORE THAN 100
BILLION STARS.
THE BACK GROUND PITCHERS
SHOWS THE PICTURE OF THE
UNIVERSE …

Each light shows the picture of galaxies


not stars.
Various theory’s:

Big bang theory,

Steady state theory,

Pulsating theory (or) oscillation theory.


BIG BANG
THEORY
THE MOST ACCEPTED THEORY ABOUT THE
ORGIN OF UNIVERSE IS BIG BANG THEORY

THE SIZE OF THE UNIVERSE IS INITIALY


10⁻⁵⁰cm radius.
THE UNIVERSE INITIALLY CONSIST OF A
VERY HOT,DENSE FIREBALL OF EXPANDING,
COLLING GAS.
UNIVERSE CAME INTO BEGAIN IN A HUGE
EXPLOSION-BIG BANG-THAT TOOKS PLACE
BETWEEN 10 TO 20 BILLION YEARS AGO.

AT THAT TIME OF BIG BANG THE


TEMPERATURE IS 10³² °c
ONE SECOND AFTER THE BIG
BANG:
“When things expand they
cool.”
Temperature is dropped to
1000 crore degrees.

The particals that make


Atoms protons, neutrons
and electrons are formed.
THE
THEFIRST TWO
FIRST TWO MINUTES
MINUTES AFTER
AFTER
THETHE
BIGBIG BANG:
BANG:
The universe kept
expanding.
The temperature down’s to 100
crore degrees.
Proton’s and neutron’s are
combined to form the atomic
nuclei of hydrogen, helium, and
lithium.
“All the atomic nuclei of
the universe was formed in
few minutes.”
STILL A TOM WAS NO T
AFTER 8 LAKH YEAR’S FROM BIG
BANG:
The universe kept expanding and
cooling.
The temperature was reduced to
3000 degree
This was now cool enough for the
electron’s to stick to the nuclei
and form atoms.
The universe at last has its first
atoms. Mostly atom’s of hydrogen
and some helium with little lithium
here and there…
At this time only light is
introduced in the universe.
AFTER 30 CRORE YEAR’S FROM
BIG BANG:
Proto galaxies are formed which
doesn’t contain stars.
AFTER 500 CRORE YEAR’S FROM
BIG BANG:
The first star was formed by
nuclear fusion reaction.
AFTER 700 CRORE YEAR’S FROM
BIG BANG:The first generation stars are
die.
AFTER 1000 CRORE YEAR’S FROM
BIG BANG:
Second generation stars and
our sun are formed.
After the death of first generation
stars the atom’s like carbon, oxygen
and iron are formed since due to
supernova position of the star’s. since
the life can exist in 2nd generation…
S
IE
AX
GALAXY IS NOTHING BUT IT IS A
GROUP OF STARS.
AL

GALAXY ALSO CONTAINS PLANET’S AND


G

THEIR SATILLITE’S , BLACK HOLE’S, ASTEROIDS


COMETS, ETC..,
OUR GALAXY NAME IS “MILKY WAY
GALAXY”
OUR NEARER BY GALAXY IS “ANDROMEDA
“ GALAXY WHICH IS OF DISTANCE 2.2
MILLION LIGHT YEARS.
Types of galaxy’s:
Elliptical galaxy’s
Spiral galaxy’s
Irregular galaxy’s
god eye galaxy’s , etc…,

( This name’s are given based on the


shape )
Spiral galaxy
Irregular galaxy
Elliptical galaxy
God eye galaxy
pinwheal galaxy
x y
l a
l ga
oo
i r lp
wh

ax y
ga l
DA
ME
R O
N D
A
Core (or)
Central bulge MILKY WAY
Nucleus GALAXY Crux-centaurus
arm

Perseus arm

m
ar
ion
LOCATION OF Sagittarius arm O r
SOLAR SYSTEM
Formation of stars:

Nebula is the first stage.

la
b u
eb ula
Em i s s i o n n ne
ke
a
Sn

u la u la
b b
ne ne
a d ed
h e m
se
or
The stars are mainly classified into

massive stars .

small stars.
Massive stars:
The size of the stars is 3 times the sun and some stars are
about 50 times the sun.

The life of the stars are less when compared to small


stars.

After a few hundred thousand years the proto stars are


formed.
After 10 million years the main sequence
star’s are formed.( dia=3million km)
Small stars:
The size of the stars is less then 1.5 times the sun.

Life time of small stars are high.

Our sun is small star.

After 50million years the proto stars are formed.


After 10 billion years the main sequence
star’s are formd.( dia=1.4million km)
Death of stars:

The massive stars after 10 million years


RED SUPER GAINT,(4 million) and then
SUPERNOVA( 1-2 years)
BLACK HOLE(OR) NEUTRON STAR

The small stars after 10 billion years RED


GAINT, (100 million)And then
PLANETARY NEBULA,( 35000 years)
WHITE DWARF,
COLLING WHITE DWARF,
BLACK DWARF.
SUPERNOVA POSITION
SUPERNOVA POSITION

Very bright supernova


a int
rg
s upe
e
Blu
r
sta

Accretion
disc Core

h t
r ig a
b ov
r y rn
e e
Core

Star

Accretion
disc


L E
HO
C K
LA
B
COME
Comets are debrisTS
remaining from nebula.

Comets are made of frozen gases and dust.

Comets are few kilometers in diameter.

Comets orbit the stars in elliptical path.


Nucle
us
st o ve

Possible core
du ts ti
f
d je ac

of silicate
an g th

dust.
s ttin wi
ga i t
em us
Cr

Jet of Broad dust tail


gas curved along
and comet’s orbital path.
Ices including water ice,
and frozen carbon-di-
oxide methane, and
ASTEROIDS AND
METEOROIDS
ASTEROIDS and METEOROIDS are also debris
from the nebula.

The size of them is varied.

Size of ASTEROIDS 1000 KILOMETERS.

Size of METEOROIDS less then 1000 KILOMETERS.


Queries….
Thank you for the
Opportunity

?
Any Doubts

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