Data Structure

Data Structure:
Structure:
Way/Method to store something so that,
The stored thing can be accessed quickly and efficiently.

Examples:
Room of your house: To store your belongings. Cupboard / Cabinet in your room: To store your important accessories such as clothes etc. Hardbound Box files: To store your bills etc. Class: To store students.

Data:
Collection of facts and figures.

Data Structure
Marksheet Whose Data? For which Entity? Students Data Entity: Student

Attributes

No Name 1 Row / Record / Tuple Sachin

Gender M

English 50

Maths 60

Total 110

2
3

Sunita
Virat

F
M

50
40

40
60

90
100

Entity Set

Domain (Gender) = {M, F} Domain (English) = {x / x varies from 0 to 100}

Question: What is the importance of this data to a particular person?

Data Structure
Data:
Importance of data to a person depends on the:
Person who is trying to see/analyze the data.

Example:
Importance of TYBCA marksheet data to a TYBBA student?
Nothing.

Importance of TYBCA marksheet data to a TYBCA student?

Wants to know his own record. Might want to know his friends record.

Importance of TYBCA marksheet to a BCA faculty?

Wants to know the result of his subject.

Importance of TYBCA marksheet to a Director?

Wants to know the overall result of his college.

Conclusion:
Same data can have,
Different meaning/importance to different people.

This data / part of data with some meaning is called:

Information

Data Structure
Information:
Information is:
Processed Data / Meaningful Data which can be used to take, Important decisions.

Example:
After seeing the information of his result, a student might take a decision whether to:
Continue studies, Continue in same college, Join some business.

After seeing the information, a director might take a decision whether to:
Change subject faculty, Remove that faculty altogether.

Data v/s Information

Information-1 Procedure to Process Data Information-2 Data

Information-n

Data & Information:

There is a major difference between these 2 things. However many a times, both the words Data & Information are used interchangeably.

Data Structure
Data Structure:
Way/Method to store data so that,
Various processes (Searching, Filtering etc) can be applied on that data and, Information from that stored data can be accessed quickly and efficiently.

Tell the Structure?

Data: Books

Properly arranged by subject, author etc.

Randomly arranged on top of each other

Tell the Structure?

Data: Light Bills, Phone Bills, Water Bills of different months

Everything in a single file.

In 3 different files sorted by month etc.

Everything in a single file with markers.

Data Structure
Data Structure:
Way/Method to store data so that,
Various processes (Searching, Filtering etc) can be applied on that data and, Information from that stored data can be accessed quickly and efficiently.

OR It is a triplet consisting of:

D: (What is stored?)
Data that can be stored in the structure.

F: (Why it is stored?)
Functions / Operations that can be done on the stored data.

A: (How is it stored?)
Axioms (Rules) to be applied when storing the data.

So,
Data Structure (DS) = (D, F, A)

Data Structure
Data Structure:
We are already aware about,
The advantages of,
Storing the same data in a computer than, Storing in a physical file / physical world.

Example:
Students marksheet stored on physical paper compared to the same marksheet stored in some software (Excel) of Computer.

Advantages of storing data in a computer:

More accessing speed and hence less time consuming. More accuracy. Changes / Modifications could be easily done. No problem of concentration.
Not tempted and does not use Facebook.

Will not get tired.

Does not require food, drinks apart from electricity.

Data Structure
Data Structure:
How to store data in a computer?
Examples:
Student Marksheet: Microsoft Excel Letters: Microsoft Word Music Files: In different folders according to Genre. 3D designs: 3D Home Architect / AutoCad Dates: Excel, Database, ? Mathematical Equations such as Polynomials: ? Family Tree of a Person: ? Route / Path of a Flight: ?

Data Structure
Data Structure Using C:
How to store data in a computer?
By instructing the computer, By commanding the computer, By programming the computer using,
Any programming language such as: C, C++, Java

Data Structure
Data Structure Using C:
Examples:
34:
int

99.50:
float

a:
char

List of roll numbers / List of marks:

Array

Family Tree:
Tree

Path / Route of a Flight:

Graph

Data Structure
Linear
int char float Built-In NonLinear

V/S

Array

V/S
9 7 3 0 5

Tree

Created

9 7 3 0 5

Classification of Data Structures

Data Structures

Primitive Basic

Non-Primitive Classic

Non-Non-Primitive Complex

int char float boolean

Lattice Petri Nets Neural Nets Search Graphs Semantic Nets

Classification of Data Structures

Non-Primitive / Classic Data Structures

Linear

Non-Linear

Array

Linked List

Stack

Queue

Trees

Graphs

Tables

Sets