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OME201102 GSM BTS3012A Hardware Structure

ISSUE 1.0

Huawei Confidential. All Rights Reserved

Objectives

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

Know the functions and features of BTS

Master the BTS hardware structure


Master the cable connection of BTS

Internal Use

References

BTS3012A Technical Manual

BTS3012A Installation Manual


BTS312 User Manual

Internal Use

Chapter 1 Overview Chapter 2 Auxiliary Cabinet Chapter 3 Main Cabinet

Chapter 4 Antenna and Feeder System

Internal Use

Location
Um Interface

MS TUP,ISUP BTS BSC A Interface MS MAP BTS MSC/VLR

PSTN ISDN PSPDN

MAP

MS

BTS OMC BTS

HLR/AUC/EIR

SMC/VM

MS: Mobile Station HLR: Home Location Register MSC: Mobile Switching Center VM: Voice Mailbox BTS: Base Transceiver Station AUC: Authentication Center

VLR: Visitor Location Register OMC: Operation and Maintenance Center EIR: Equipment Identity Register BSC: Base Station Controller SMC: Short Message Center

Internal Use

Features and Functions

Outdoor BTS
High integration and low power consumption 15 radio carriers at the Abis sharing an E1 for transmission (15:1) Support various transmission modes and complex topologies, e.g. SDH, E1, microwave, satellite etc.

Support the configuration of up to S12/12/12 and facilitating expansion

1-minute fast startup

Internal Use

Features and Functions

Support GSM900,DCS1800,EGSM and RGSM Support GSM PHASE 1PHASE 2 and PHASE 2+ Support GPRS and EDGE Support baseband hopping and RF hopping Support FR, HR, EFR and AMR Support A5/1 and A5/2 encryption/decryption

Internal Use

Hardware Structure

DATA_BUS/CONTROL_BUS/TIMING_BUS

External control

External alarm TRX

CDU

antenna

E1

TMU TRX

CDU

antenna

Opt. fiber XDSL Transmission device CDU TRX


FH_BUS

antenna

PSU

PMU Common Unit Signal Processing Unit Antenna Feeder Unit

Internal Use

Cabinet and Boards


Auxiliary Cabinet Main Cabinet

Switch Box FAN

Boards in Cabinet:

CDU: Combiner & Divider Unit

Transmission device Sub-rack

T Cable S Inlet U C D U

C D U T T T T R R R R X X X X

TRX: Transceiver
PMU: Power Monitoring Unit TMU: Timing/Transmission & Management Unit

E1 lightening Protection sub-rack

P P P S S S U U U

P P S S U U

P S U

P M U

C D U C D U T T T T R R R R X X X X

PSU: Power Supply Unit


TDU: Time Distribution Unit TCU: Temperature Control Unit ABB: Abis By-pass Board TSU: Transmission Power Supply Unit

FAN AC power distribution T Sub-rack C U DC power distribution Sub-rack

T AA M BB U BB

FAN

FAN

Battery Cabin

Cable Inlet

C D U

C D U

T T T T R R R R X X X X

EMUA: Environment Monitor Unit Analyzer


Internal Use

Chapter 1 Overview Chapter 2 Auxiliary Cabinet Chapter 3 Main Cabinet

Chapter 4 Antenna and Feeder System

10

Internal Use

Auxiliary System

MS

Um

BTS3012A
Auxiliary Cabinet Main Cabinet Environment monitoring system Abis Temperature adjustment system

BSC

Power Distribution system

11

Internal Use

Power Distribution System


I. 220V AC three-phase distribution

AC distribution Unit

32A
A N 5A TCU EMI filter 32A B B,N 5A C N Arrester Socket 2 Contactor PSU Input to the DC Distribution frame +24V DC L,N Socket 1 A,N Regulator AC conditioner/heat exchanger

A B C MCB N 220V AC input

12

Internal Use

Power Supply
II. 220V AC single-phase distribution

AC distribution Unit

32A L N L,N Regulator AC conditioner/heat exchanger

5A
TCU

L MCB N 220V AC input EMI filter 32A L N 5A L N Arrester Socket 2 L,N Contactor

PSU

Input to DC Distribution frame +24V DC

L,N

Socket 1

13

Internal Use

Power Supply
III. 110V AC three-phase distribution
AC distribution Unit

32A A A,N

Transformer
N 5A A B C MCB N EMI filter 32A B

Regulator

AC conditioner/heat exchanger

TCU Input to the DC Distribution frame Contactor PSU +24V DC

Transformer
N C N Arrester

B,N

110V AC input

5A

C,N

Socket 1

Socket 2

14

Internal Use

Power Supply
+24vDC distribution

AC input lightning protection power distribution unit A1441Z

Input bus bar

220V AC input

PSU

PSU

PSU

PMU

Output bus bar

+24V DC output
DC distribution copper bar
15

Internal Use

PSU Configuration

mode 220/110VAC

Capacity (TRX) 1~3 4~6 7~9 10 ~ 12

Boards (PSU) 3 4 5 6

Boards (PMU) 1 1 1 1

notes

One PSU for backup

16

Internal Use

TSU (optional)

+
+24VDC IN

Transmission device

TSU

TSU

-48VDC IN

+ -

The TSU works under 1+! backup mode. Normally the two TSUs output equalized current. When one TSU gets faulty, another TSU will supply power to the transmission equipment and report alarms.
Internal Use

17

PMU
PMU structure

AC power supply

AC/DC

AC/DC

AC/DC

AC/DC

Load

Fan

Power monitoring unit PMU

Fuse

Battery

18

Internal Use

FMU
Functions of FMU

Fan feeding

Fan revolution speed control


Alarm detection +24V power supply input interface

19

Internal Use

TCU
Functions of TCU

Temperature Test Access test Water test Smoke test

TCU real-time monitors the temperature in the cabinet. By controlling the power distribution of the cabinet, it can prevent the damage of over-high or over-low temperature to the equipment and components. PMU TCU
Control signals

Sensor

AC lightning protection board

Storage battery

TCU controls the 220V AC input from the external power supply, the +24V DC output of the storage batteries (excluding the power distribution of the air-conditioner) and the power-on/off commands for some boards according to the temperature of the cabinet.

Control signals

TRX/CDU

Voltage Stabilizer

TMU
Monitoring Subsystem

Alarm signals

Air conditioner/heat exchanger

20

Internal Use

ABB (optional)
Functions of ABB

It is in charge of the BTS transmission trunk. When power failure occurs at a

certain level (in the middle) of BTS in the chain networking, ABB will bypass
the Abis transmission line off this site, and directly connect it to the downstream BTS.

ABB can also perform loop back at the transmission line, so that in the case of

power failure at the last level BTS, ABB will loop back the E1 signal for BSC to
detect the quality of the entire transmission link.

BSC

ABB TMU

ABB TMU

ABB TMU

Sites 1

Sites 2

Sites 3 Internal Use

21

ABB (optional)

Digit 1

Digit 2

Digit 3

Digit 4

Detailed indication Not end site, transmission terminal loopback not supported (default setting) End site, transmission terminal loopback supported

OFF

OFF

ON

ON

Caution:
The X means that the status of switch has no relation with the DIP function. S2 is not allowed to set as any status apart from the above two .

22

Internal Use

TMU
Functions of TMU

Provide E1 connection interface Provide channel multiplexing and flexible networking modes Provide Man-machine interface (MMI) and operation & maintenance link

Provide centralized BTS clock


Provide alarm signal input ports

23

Internal Use

Indictors on TMU

PWR RUN LI1 LI2 LI3 LI4 M/S PLL

Indicator Name
PWR RUN

Color
Green Green

Meaning
Power Running State E1 Transmission

Explanation
On: Normal Off: Abnormal Flash(0.5Hz): Normal On or Off: Abnormal On: Local Alarm Flash: Remote Alarm Off: Normal Slow flash(1HZ): Master Quick flash(2Hz): Slave On: Free oscillation Quick flash(4Hz): Catching Slow flash(1Hz): Locked Off: Abnormal

Normal State
On Flash

RST DBG

LI1,2,3,4
T2M FCK T13M MMI

Green

Off Master Board: Slow flash Slave Board: Quick flash

M/S

Green

Master/Slave indication

PLL

Green

Phase identification indicator

Slow flash

TMU

24

Internal Use

Temperature Adjustment System

The heat dissipation and heating under low temperature of


outdoor BTS3012A are accomplished by temperature adjustment system. The temperature adjustment system has high reliability performance and reports alarms when faults occur. The temperature adjustment of BTS3012A is accomplished by the airconditioner or the heat exchanger.

25

Internal Use

Chapter 1 Overview Chapter 2 Auxiliary Cabinet Chapter 3 Main Cabinet

Chapter 4 Antenna and Feeder System

26

Internal Use

TRX
Functions of TRX

Baseband speech processing


Um and Abis interface signaling processing Modulation and demodulation RF signal amplification

27

Internal Use

TRX Module Structure


DBUS

FH_BUS

CBUS

TDP SCP DSP CUI

PAU RCU

Transmitter Receiver Diversity receiver

TBUS Clock processing part TBPU

RPU

TBPU:TRX Baseband signal Processing Unit SCP: Signaling Processing Unit TDP: Transmitter Driver and PLL Unit DBUS: Data Bus

RPU:RF signal Processing Unit DSP: Digital Signal Processing Unit PAU: Power Amplifier Unit TBUS: Timing Bus CBUS: Control Bus

CUI: Carrier Unit Interface RCU: Receiving Unit FH_BUS: Frequency Hopping Bus

28

Internal Use

Output Power of TRX

Normal: 40W(46dBm) or 60W(48dBm) PBU: 80W(49dBm)

EDGE TRX: GMSK: 60W, 8PSK: 40W

29

Internal Use

Alarms of TRX

Over standing wave alarm

When the standing wave ratio at the power amplifier output port exceeds 1.5, it reports standing wave alarm to the baseband unit

Over-temperature alarm

When the temperature of the power amplifier exceeds 85, the power amplifier unit reports the over-temperature alarm via the baseband unit, and automatically turns off the power amplifier

30

Internal Use

Indicators on TRX
TX OUT

Indicator Name

Color

Meaning

Explanation On: Normal Off: Abnormal Flash(0.5Hz): Normal On or Off: Abnormal Flash(0.5Hz): Normal On or Off: Abnormal On: Alarm Off: No alarm

Normal State

PWR RCP RDP FAIL

PWR

Green

Power

On

RST

RCP

Green

SCP Running State

Flash

MMI

RDP

Green

DSP Running State

Flash

RXA IN

FAIL
RXB IN

Red

Alarm Indicator

Off

TRX
31

Internal Use

CDU
Functions of CDU

Combine and filter transmitted signals Filter ,amplify and distribute received signals

Provide power for the tower-top amplifier


Alarm detection

32

Internal Use

CDU Structure

TX1

TX2
TX-COMB TX-DUP RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 HL-out RX5 RX6 RX7 RX8 HL-in RXD-out

Combiner

Duplexer

TX/RX-ANT

Divider LNA Divider

LNA

Filter

RXD-ANT

33

Internal Use

Indicators on CDU

Indicator Name POWER

Color

Meaning

Explanation On: Normal Off: Abnormal On: VSWR is greater than 1.5 and less than 2.5 Off: Normal On: VSWR is greater than 2.5 Off: Normal On: TTA current out of range Off: Normal On: LNA current out of range Off: Normal

Normal State On

Green

Power Standing wave ratio alarm Standing wave ratio alarm TTA current indication LNA current indication

VSWR1

Yellow

Off

VSWR2

Red

Off

TTA

Red

Off

LNA

Red

Off

34

Internal Use

Rear Panel of CDU


Correspondence between knob setting and current strength of TTA
Setting 0 1 2 3 MAIN off 100 107 205 DIVERSE off 65 100 205 mA mA mA Unit

Note: MAIN is recommended to be set at 1(100mA),and


DIVERSE to be set at 2(100mA).Other modes of setting are not recommended
MAIN: TTA power feeding selection knob of main receiving channel DIVERSE: TTA power feeding selection knob of diversity receiving channel FUSE :1.5A

35

Internal Use

Alarm Detection

VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) monitoring: CDU Monitors the status of antenna system. When the detected standing wave ratio exceeds the preset threshold (1.5 or 2.5), CDU will generate corresponding alarms

Low noise amplifier fault alarm: The signal is extracted from the power supply current of the low noise amplifier. When the current exceeds a certain level ,alarm signals are generated

Tower-top amplifier alarm: When there is a tower-top amplifier on


service, the CDU monitors the status of tower-top amplifier by its working current. If the current exceeds a certain level , alarm signals are generated

36

Internal Use

EDU
EDU indicators are the same as those of CDU

TX1

Duplexer

TX/RX-ANT1

RX1 RX2

Divider

LNA

TX2

Duplexer

TX/RX-ANT2

RX3 RX4

Divider

LNA

37

Internal Use

SCU

Four carriers are combined and output through 3dB bridges and the insertion loss is 6.8dB

TX1
3dB Bridge TX2 3dB Bridge 3dB Bridge TX4

TX3

Tx_Comb

38

Internal Use

Chapter 1 Overview

Chapter 2 Auxiliary Cabinet


Chapter 3 Main Cabinet Chapter 4 Antenna and Feeder System

39

Internal Use

S1/1/1

TX
COMB
TX COMB

TX/RX ANT DUP (TX/RXA)

TX OUT

TX DUP

RX

1:4 RXA
HL OUT HL IN

RXB

RXD ANT 1:4


RXD OUT

(RXB)

40

Internal Use

S2/2/2

TX

TX OUT

COMB
TX COMB

TX/RX ANT DUP (TX/RXA)

RXA RXB

TX DUP

RX

1:4
HL OUT

TX OUT

HL IN

RXD ANT 1:4 (RXB)

RXA
RXD OUT

RXB

41

Internal Use

S4/4/4 2CDU

Duplexer

Duplexer

Combiner

Distributor

Distributor

Combiner

Distributor

Distributor

42

Internal Use

S4/4/4 SCU+CDU

TX

TX OUT RXA RXB

SCU
COMB

TX COMB

TX OUT RXA RXB

TX

TX OUT
RXA RXB
TX DUP

CDU
COMB

TX/RX ANT DUP

TX COMB

(TX/RXB)

RX

1:4
HL OUT HL IN

TX OUT

RXD ANT
1:4

(RXA)

RXA RXB

RXD OUT

43

Internal Use

2CDU+SCU

Duplexer

Duplexer

Combiner

Combiner

Distributor

Distributor

Combiner

Distributor Distributor

Combiner Combiner

44

Internal Use

Lightning Arrester

feeder

Lightning Arrester is used to


prevent the equipment from being damaged by the lightening current inducted by the core line of the feeder

jumper

Lightning Arrester

45

Internal Use

Types of Main Feeder

7/8 inch

Cable loss=0.043dB/m

5/4 inch

Cable loss=0.032dB/m

1/2 inch jumper


Cable loss=0.11dB/m Used between the antenna and the main feeder

Between the antenna and the tower-top amplifier


Between the cabinet and the lightning arrester

46

Internal Use

TTA (Optional)

The tower-top amplifier is installed close to the receiving antenna It can be used to increase the receiving sensibility of the base station

Consisting of:

Simplex TTA

Duplex TTA
Triplex TTA

47

Internal Use

TTA (Optional)

simplex TTA

duplex TTA

triplex TTA

triplex TTA
TX filter BTS Bias Tee bypass antenna

RX filter Low noise amplifier DC

RX filter

48

Internal Use

Antenna Pattern

The antenna pattern describes the radiating abilities of antennas in all directions

360
Omni Antenna

120

90

65

Directional antenna

49

Internal Use

Polarization

Two main types of polarization


Vertical polarization Horizontal polarization

The types of antenna divided by polarization

Single polarized antenna


Vertical polarization for GSM
One port for one feeder

Dual polarized antenna


+45 degree and -45 degree Two ports for two feeders

50

Internal Use

Summary

Summary

Functions and features of BTS BTS hardware structure Antenna and feeder system

51

Internal Use

Huawei Confidential. All Rights Reserved

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