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Introduction to Information Systems

Essentials for the Internetworked E-Business Enterprise
Eleventh Edition

James A. OBrien

Chapter

10
Developing
e-Business Solutions

Irwin/McGraw-Hill

Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

Chapter Objectives Use the systems development process outlined in this chapter, and the model of IS components from Chapter 1 as problem-solving frameworks to help you propose information systems solutions to simple business problems. Describe and give examples to illustrate how you might use each of the steps of the information system development cycle to develop and implement an ebusiness system.
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

Chapter Objectives
Explain how prototyping improves the process of systems development for end users and IS specialists. Identify the activities involved in the implementation of new information systems. Describe several evaluation factors that should be considered in evaluating the acquisition of hardware, software, and IS services. Identify several change management solutions for end user resistance to the implementation of new e-business applications.
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

Systems Approach to Problem Solving

Define the Problem

Monitor and Evaluate Results

Develop Alternative Solutions Select the Solution Design the Solution Implement the Solution

Irwin/McGraw-Hill

Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

Traditional Systems Development Life Cycle

Understand the Business Problem or Opportunity

Systems Investigation
Product: Feasibility Study

Develop an Information System Solution

Systems Analysis
Product: Functional Requirements

Systems Design
Product: System Specifications

Implement the Information System Solution

Systems Implementation
Product: Operational System

Systems Maintenance
Product: Improved System
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

Prototyping Process
Identify an End User's Information Requirements

Develop Information System Prototypes Prototyping Cycle Revise the Prototypes to Better Meet End User Requirements

Maintenance Cycle
Use and Maintain the Accepted System
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

Systems Investigation
Economic Feasibility Can we afford it?

Organizational Feasibility Is it a good fit?

Technical Feasibility Does the capability exist?

Operational Feasibility Will it be accepted?

Irwin/McGraw-Hill

Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

Systems Analysis
Organizational

Key Areas of Systems Analysis

Present System Functional Requirements

Irwin/McGraw-Hill

Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

Systems Design

User Interface Design Screen, Form, Report and Dialog Design

Data Design Data Element Structure Design

Process Design

Program and Procedure Design

Irwin/McGraw-Hill

Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

10

End User Development

Controls What controls are needed? Processing What operations on the input is required?

Input What data is required?

Output What information is needed?

Storage Will the application need to store data?

Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

11

The Implementation Process

Implementation Activities

Acquisition

Development and Modification

System Testing

End User Training

System Documentation

Conversion

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Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

12

Evaluating Hardware and Software

Hardware Evaluation Factors Performance Cost Reliability Compatibility Technology Ergonomics Connectivity Scalability Software Support
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Software Evaluation Factors Quality Efficiency Flexibility Security Connectivity Language Documentation Hardware Efficiency
Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

13

Evaluating IS Services
IS Evaluation Factors Performance Systems Development Maintenance Conversion Training Backup Accessibility Business Position Hardware Software
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

14

Implementing New Systems

Implementation Activities

Acquisition Software Development Training Testing Documentation Conversion

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Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

15

Installation Conversion Methods

Old System Parallel New System

Old System

New System

Pilot

Old System

New System

Phased

Old System
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New System

Plunge

Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

16

Managing Organizational Change

Executive Vision Change Management Organization Mission and Role Organizational Design

Measurement and Rewards Work Redesign

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Core Competencies Development

Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

17

Chapter Summary Business professionals and IS specialists use a systems approach to help them develop information system solutions to meet e-business needs. Prototyping is a major alternative methodology to the traditional information system development cycle. It includes the use of prototyping tools and methodologies, which promote an iterative, interactive process.
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

18

Chapter Summary (cont)

The application development capabilities built into many end user software packages have made it easier for end users to develop their own e-business applications. The implementation process for IS projects involves acquisition, testing, documentation, training, installation, and conversion. Business professionals should know how to evaluate IT products for acquisition. IT vendor proposals should be based on specifications developed during the design phase.
Irwin/McGraw-Hill
Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

James A. OBrien

Introduction to Information Systems

Eleventh Edition

19

Chapter Summary (cont) Implementation activities include managing the introduction and implementation of changes in the business processes, organizational structures, job assignments, and work relationships resulting from e-business initiatives.

Irwin/McGraw-Hill

Copyright 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.