An Introduction to Servers

Loretta Floyd

1
Introduction
 ThisPresentation is a Brief Introduction to
Servers
 You will learn the basic Types of Servers
 How an Internet Server Works
 Comparisons of Selected Server Types

2
Agenda
 Define
the Types of Servers
 Compare Internet Servers

3
Overview
 An Internet Network is comprised of
Several Servers
 Server Functions are Combined to Design
a Network
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Vocabulary
 Server Socket
 Client Port
 Browser
 Server-Side Software
 Stand-alone Software
 Domain
 FTP
 HTTP
 SMTP
 TCP/IP
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Vocabulary
 Server - a computer or device on a network that
manages network resources and
provides access to those resources
 Client - uses interface communication
interface to request resources, one
machine can act as client and server
 Browser- software communication interface that
uses a java virtual machine (JVM) to
process HTTP
 Server Software – software that requires and runs from a
server
 Stand-alone Software – software that runs without the
server, such as Word
 Domain – A group of computers and devices on a
network that are administered as a unit 6
Vocabulary (cont.)
 Domain – A group of computers and devices on a
network that are administered as a unit with common
rules and procedures. Within the Internet domains are
defined by the IP address
 FTP (File Transfer Protocol) – the protocol for
exchanging files over the internet
 HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) – a request and
response protocol I.e. can be done without a graphical
interface such as a browser
 SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)- one of several
protocols used for sending e-mail messages between
servers
 TCP/IP-communications protocols used to connect hosts
on the Internet
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Server Types
 Application Servers – also known as
Middleware handles all application operations
between users and a database
 Audio/Video Servers –Enable Websites to
broadcast streaming and multimedia content
 Chat Servers – enable a large number of users to
exchange information in an environment similar
to Internet newsgroups that offer real-time
discussion

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Server Types (cont.)
 Database Servers – server that performs
tasks such as data analysis and storage
 Fax Servers –Enables network to control
incoming and outgoing telephone
resources
 Groupware Servers – enables users to use
the internet or intranet to collaborate
regardless of location in a virtual
atmosphere

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Server Types (cont.)
 IRC Servers – Internet Relay Chat enables
real-time discussion capabilities
 List Servers – offers a better way to
manage mailing lists, whether they be
interactive discussions open to the public
or one-way lists that deliver
announcements, newsletters, or advertising
 Mail Servers – move and store mail over
corporate networks and across the Internet

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Server Types (cont.)
 Name Servers – also known as DNS servers—
map the human-readable names to the IP
addresses
 News Servers – distribution and delivery source
for the thousands of public news groups
accessible over the USENET news network
 Telnet Servers – allows users to log on to a host
computer and perform tasks as if they’re working
on the remote computer itself
 Print Server- shares and maintains network
printers, can join the domain server, typically
ethernet hardware device, many wireless now
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Server Types (cont.)
 Proxy Servers – It intercepts a request for the
real server. Its function usually combined with
firewall, may be set up as a PDC (Primary
Domain Controller) which bosses 1 or more
servers and keeps all usernames and passwords
along with a BDC (Backup Domain Controller)
that takes over if the PDC fails and it also keeps
copies of usernames and passwords and will
assist if the PDC is busy. It also saves the results
of all requests for a certain amount of time, so
that future requests use its cache thereby
reducing the amount of internet resources used

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Server Types (cont.)
 Web Servers
--HTTP Server- uses Hypertext Transfer Protocol to
serve static content to a web browser by loading a file
from a disk and serving it across the network to a
user’s web browser
--Routers - forward packets from one computer on one
network to any other computer on any other network.
Routers make the internet appear to be a single
network

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Putting It All Together
 Proxy server determines user access
 Essentially request a socket
 Generally proxy server first to receive on
nonresidential computers
 Proxy server is directly connected to the
internet

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Browser Decomposes URL
 The protocol (“http”)
 The server name (www.yahoo.com)
 The file name (“/index.html”)
i.e. the protocol for email may be SMTP or
POP, the above information is encapsulated in
mail protocols, your e-mail server performs
these same functions using your composed e-
mail message form

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Browser Decomposes URL
 Browser communicates with a name server to
translate the server name into an IP address
 The browser uses this IP address and a TCP port
to create a socket
 The IP address is unique to each machine, but
there are many ports that are not unique
 Winipcfg.exe is the file that configures TCP/IP
for Windows 98, IPConfig.exe for Windows
2000/XP, on UNIX nslookup

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Finally Data
 After HTTP protocol, GET request to
server for the file
 The acessed server sends the HTML data
for the Web page to the browser
 The browser reads the HTML tags and
formats the page onto your screen

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Putting It All Together
 Proxy server determines user access
 Essentially request a socket
 Generally proxy server first to receive on
nonresidential computers
 Proxy server is directly connected to the
internet

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Server Comparisons
 Microsoft Server new $564 at Wal-Mart

 In the past, installing server software was a

job for a technology professional, requiring
several hours of repeated CD swapping to
complete. Now, Windows Small Business
Server Software 2003, Standard Edition, is
the fast, simple solution.

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Server Comparisons
 * Windows Small Business Server Software 2003, Standard
Edition is simple to install, simple to manage, and simple to use
 * Team members can communicate and collaborate easily
 * Manage group activities, work together effectively, and move
forward with team projects
 * Increase productivity with this infrastructure for
communication, messaging, and collaboration
 * Microsoft Office Outlook 2003: Here's a single place for you
and your employees to manage e-mail, calendars, contacts, and
other personal and team information
 * Microsoft Shared Fax Service: Now you can fax with fewer
telephone lines, right from your desktop anytime you
 * Routing and Remote Access Services (RRAS): Help protect
your Internet connections with this firewall technology
 * Platform Support: PC
 * License Quantity: 5 Client(s)1 Server(s)

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Server Comparisons
 ServerWatch > News

 May 31, 2005

 Gateway Rolls Out New Low-Cost Servers
 By Dan Muse
 Hoping to chip away at Dell and HP for server and storage server market share, Gateway today
announced three servers designed to help small- and mid-sized enterprises more efficiently run
applications and databases.

 The Gateway 9715 is a 6U rack-mount server that, at $3,999, hits a price point typically associated
with 4U servers, according to Gateway.

 In addition to running database applications and allowing for server and storage consolidations,
9715 a practical alternative to blade servers, according to Tim Diefenthaler, senior director of
server product marketing at Gateway. Diefenthaler said that today's blade servers still cause
concerns stemming from issues of heat dissipation and proprietary software for scalability.

 Running Microsoft Virtual Server 2005, the 9715 can support multiple instances of Windows server
operating systems. (However Diefenthaler said Gateway will not sell the 9715 in a configuration
that includes Virtual Server 2005, adding that it will available through the channel for $499.)

 At the heart of the 9715 are four Intel Xeon MP processors. The server supports up to 32GB of
ECC, DDR2 system memory and up to 3TB of internal storage. It also includes hot-swap power and
fans, hot-plug PCI slots and memory, and options for a slotless Fibre Channel connector and Raid
on the Motherboard.

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Server Comparisons
 The 9715 supports Microsoft Windows Server software, Novell's Netware 6.5, Red Hat Linux
Enterprise 3.0 and 3.0 EM64T, and SuSe Linux Enterprise 9.0 and 9.0 EM64T. Diefenthaler said
that Windows Server 2003 x64 Editions is not supported in this box. "We're waiting for applications
such as Exchange and databases [to be available in 64-bit editions]. Gateway plans to launch a
Windows Server x64 Edition in the third quarter if applications and drivers are ready.

 You can put the 4-way Gateway 9715 server to work as either a 6U rack-mount server or, with an
optional conversion kit, a tower system.

 For enterprises that prefer a tower configuration rather than a rack-mount system, Diefenthaler
said Gateway will offer a conversion kit that transforms the 9715 (see photo). The kit includes a
pedestal side skin, a face plate and pedestal feet and casters.

 For storage, Gateway's two new servers are based on the existing hardware architecture of the
9315 and 9415. The Gateway 9315 Storage Server runs both network-attached storage (NAS) and
storage area networks (SAN) without two separate architectures. Priced at $2,197, the 9315 is
designed to function like NAS, but has an external fibre channel connection, allowing it to connect
to a SAN.

 The 1U server supports up to two Intel Xeon processors and allows up to 1.2TB of internal data
storage. Diefenthaler said that the 9315 supports higher-capacity hard drives than competitive
products from Dell and HP, allowing the Gateway storage server to reach that 1.2TB mark with
only three SATA hard drives. The machine runs Microsoft Windows Storage Server 2003 software.

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Server Comparisons
 The 9415 is designed for deployments requiring serious computing power, high
availability and storage capability. The device was created with database or Web
server applications in mind and can scale to heavy duty ERP and CRM applications.

 Like the 9135, the 9415 acts as a NAS head, connecting fibre channels to SAN
technology. This 1U rack server supports 64-bit Intel Xeon processors. It also
bundles three hot-swap SCSI drive bays with RAID 5 and redundant power supplies.

 The 9415 costs $2,098 and will store 900GB of storage. it also runs Windows
Storage Server 2003 software.

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Server Comparisons

 Server Type
 Application Collaboration
 FTP List
 Mail Proxy
 Real-time communication Telnet
 Web
 Print
 Others

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Server Operating Systems
Supported
 Operating System(s)
 AIX AS/400
 BSD (any) Be OS
 Digital UNIX HP-UX
 IRIX Java_VM
 Linux MVS
 MacOSMacOS X Server
 NetWare OS/2
 OS/400 OSF/1
 QNX Red Hat Linux
 SCO OpenServer SUSE Linux
 SolarisTru64 Unix
 Unix (all) VM/CMS
 VMS Windows 2000
 Windows 95/98 Windows ME
 Windows NT 4.0 Windows Server 2003
 Windows XP

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Server Features
 Administration
 GUI configuration
 GUI setup
 Remote administration
 SNMP configurable/monitorable
 Futureproofing/scalability
 .Net compliant
 64-bit port
 Cluster support
 IPv6 support
 J2EE 1.4 certified
 J2EE 1.4 compliant

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Server Featuress

 Multiple logs
 Supports Microsoft ISAPI
 Virtual servers
 Web-based user interface
 Programming/Scripting
 Includes source
 Own API
 Own scripting/batch language
 Supports external scripting/batch language

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Server Features
 Security
 ActiveDirectory authentication
 Antispam features
 Antivirus features
 Built-in firewall capabilities
 Built-in proxy capabilities
 Internal user access scheme
 LDAP authentication
 Other/system authentication
 SSL (hardware)
 SSL (software)

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Server Features
 Support
 Commercial support available
 Forum support
 Free telephone support
 GSA scheduled
 Mailing list support
 Service-level agreement offerings available

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Topic Two
 * Windows Small Business Server Software 2003, Standard Edition is simple to
install, simple to manage, and simple to use
 * Team members can communicate and collaborate easily
 * Manage group activities, work together effectively, and move forward with
team projects
 * Increase productivity with this infrastructure for communication, messaging,
and collaboration
 * Microsoft Office Outlook 2003: Here's a single place for you and your
employees to manage e-mail, calendars, contacts, and other personal and team
information
 * Microsoft Shared Fax Service: Now you can fax with fewer telephone lines,
right from your desktop anytime you
 * Routing and Remote Access Services (RRAS): Help protect your Internet
connections with this firewall technology
 * Platform Support: PC
 * License Quantity: 5 Client(s)1 Server(s)

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Where to Get More Information
 Internet
 List
books, articles, electronic sources
 PC Magazines

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