APPLICATION OF NEWTONS 2ND LAW

THE DYNAMICS OF CIRCULAR MOTION

DYNAMICS OF CIRCULAR MOTION

Recall: when a particle moves in a circular path with constant speed, the particle's acceleration is always directed toward the center of the circle (perpendicular to the instantaneous velocity).

DYNAMICS OF CIRCULAR MOTION

**Uniform circular motion, like all other motion of a particle, is governed by Newton's second law. **To make the particle accelerate toward the center of the circle, the net force F on the particle must always be directed toward the center.

The magnitude of the acceleration is constant, so the magnitude Fnet of the net force must also be constant.

DYNAMICS OF CIRCULAR MOTION

**What happens if the inward radial force suddenly ceases to act on a body in circular motion?

**If the inward net force stops acting, the particle flies off in a straight line tangent to the circle.

DYNAMICS OF CIRCULAR MOTION

OOPS! --- centrifugal force to keep the body in equilibrium????

Extra centrifugal force should not be included because: (1) the body accelerates and is not in equilibrium (2) if there were an additional outward force that balanced the inward force, the net force would be zero and the body would move in a straight line, not a circle (3) the quantity m(v2/R) is not a force; it corresponds to the ma side of F = ma and must not appear in the FBD of the object

DYNAMICS OF CIRCULAR MOTION

Q: If there is no centrifugal force, then why do you slide to the opposite side of the car when your car turns to the other side?????

DYNAMICS OF CIRCULAR MOTION

***Remeber: centripetal force is not a new kind of force. ***Centripetal force, Fc, is the net force that is directed towards the center of a circular or curved path that is required for a body to move in a circle or curved path.

(a) a toy tied to a rope and whirled in a horizontal circle

(b) A conical pendulum

DYNAMICS OF CIRCULAR MOTION

(c) a car rounding a flat, unbanked curve

(d) a car rounding a banked, inclined road

DYNAMICS OF CIRCULAR MOTION

DYNAMICS OF CIRCULAR MOTION

2. A small button placed on a horizontal rotating platform with diameter 0.320 m will revolve with the platform when it is brought up to a speed of 40.0 rev/min, provided the button is no more than 0.150 m from the axis. (a) What is the coefficient of static friction between the button and the platform? (b) How far from the axis can the button be placed, without slipping, if the platform rotates at 60.0 rpm? 3. A 1125-kg car and a 2250-kg pickup truck approach a curve on the expressway that has a radius of 225 m. (a) At what angle should the highway engineer bank this curve so that vehicles traveling at 65.0 mi/h can safely round it regardless of the condition of their tires? Should the heavy truck go slower than the lighter car? (b) As the car and truck round the carve at 65.0 mi/h, find the normal force on each one due to the highway surface.

DYNAMICS OF CIRCULAR MOTION

4. A passenger on a carnival Ferris wheel moves in a vertical circle of radius R with constant speed v. The seat remains upright during the motion. Find expressions for the force the seat exerts on the passenger at the top of the circle and at the bottom.

5. Stay Dry! You tie a cord to a pail of water, and you swing the pail in a vertical circle of radius 0.600 m. What minimum speed must you give the pail at the highest point of the circle if no water is to spill from it?