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British military sources (Various) Police Scientific Development Branch Weapons, Explosives Research Centre (NI) FBI Ballistic Research Facility GSG9 Numerous LE and Military sources worldwide
To introduce experienced snipers to the factors to be considered before attempting a shot through an intermediate (glass) barrier
AIM
FORMAT OF PRESENTATION
Types of Glass Things to watch out for! What happens to bullets as they pass through glass? Spalling Shooting from behind glass Synchronised shooting Checklist How experiments were conducted Questions?
TYPES OF GLASS
Float/Annealed Glass Toughened/Tempered Glass Laminate Glass Wired Safety Glass Lexan/Plastics Applied Plastic Films
Domestic Glazing Older buildings Float/Annealed Commercial glass Schools Public buildings
Vehicle side windows Insulated Glazing Units (IGUs) Toughened/ Modern Tempered Commercial Glass buildings Mirrored or tinted finishes
Large shop fronts Safety Applications Laminated Glass Vehicle windshields Security Applications
Others
Manifestation
Questions?
Cores and jackets separate Deflected from true path Bullet Mass is lost Energy/Wounding potential is lost Greater the angle of the glass the greater the above effects
59
90
460
6.4
66%
60
90
Bullet exited through side of soap and lost. Numerous small holes.
61
90
245
12% 49%
62
45
32% 39%
63
45
19% 22%
64
45
31% 21%
2 Channels.
Deflection
The bullets will tend to deflect the shortest distance through angled glass
Fall of Shot in relation to Expected Scoring Area Lapua 170 grain FMJ 2x4mm Double Glazing
Disintegration
50
(mm)
0 -50 0 50
The circle represents the expected scoring area without glass for this ammunition type
-50
(mm)
Disintegration
180gn PPSP at 75 metres. Target distance 2 metres. Glass at 45 and 90 degrees. 4mm Float glass single pane.
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Depth of Penetration (mm)
90 deg
45 deg cores
45 deg jackets
Disintegration
Comparison of TBTL and SHPBT in 4mm Float Glass at various angles and glass to target distances at 100yds.
100
TBTL SHPBT
Spalling
-250
Synchronised Shooting
Coordinated shot at same POA Close together As near 90 degree line of fire as possible Must be practised
Checklist
Ammunition Type Range to Glass Distance of target behind glass Angle of shot to glass Type of Glass Ammunition suitable Backstop
Degree of Accuracy Lighting/Identification Test Fired? Secondary missile hazard Firing from behind glass? Method of breaking? Secondary danger area
Questions?