NRI INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY BHOPAL

A presentation on four wheel steering mechanism Guided by :Dr.shiv kumar (prof. mechanical department) submitted by:aslam khan chetan waaghmare mechanical 6th sem

Objectives
Introduction Comparison between 4wheel and 2wheel steering mechanism Advantages Disadvantages Companies using this mechanism Future aspects Components used Conclusion Refrences

References
1. Automotive Technology A System Approach, Jack Erjavee. 2. Automotive Suspension and steering System, Thomas W Birch. 3. Automotive Service-Inspection, maintenance, repair Tim Gilles 4. http://www.howstuffworks.com 5. http://trucks.about.com/cs/4ws/a/4wheel_steering.htm 6. http://www.projecttopics.info/Mechanical/Mechanical-FourWheels-Steering.php 7. http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-four-wheel-steeringsystem-full-report-6172#ixzz1tn3wSWNO.

Basic components used

Introduction

A Four Wheel steering (4WS) System is also known as Quadra Steering System. In this both front as well as rear wheels can be steered according to speed of the vehicle and space available for turning. Quadra steer is system that gives full size vehicles greater ease while driving at low speed, and improves stability, handling and control at higher speed. Through this a vehicle moves by 360

Essential concept to drive vehicle

Any mode of transportation used by people must have some means of control. For the automobile, two primary control systems are at the driver's disposal: (1) the steering system, and (2) the braking system. The steering mechanism converts the driver's rotational input at the steering wheel into a change in the steering angle of the vehicle's steering road wheels. For a car to turn smoothly, each wheel must follow a different circle. Since the inside wheel is following a circle with a smaller radius, it is actually making a tighter turn than the outside wheel. If you draw a line perpendicular to each wheel, the lines will intersect at the center point of the turn. The geometry of the steering linkage makes the inside wheel turn more than the outside wheel.

A layout of 4wheel drive

Comparison between AWD and FWD

Car more efficient and stable on cornering. Improved steering responsiveness and precision . High speed straight line stability. Notable improvement in rapid, easier, safer lane changing maneuvers. Smaller turning radius and tight space maneuverability at low speed. Relative Wheel Angles and their Control. Risk of hitting an obstacle is greatly reduced.

Advantages of 4wd
Easy to take turn Provides beneficial in parking Decreases rush

Disadvantages
High cost More power is required Weight is increases due to additional components

Companies using these mechanisms

Mahindra xuv500
Ferrari ff

Ford fusion
Toyota

Future aspects
An innovative feature of this steering linkage design is its ability to drive all four Wheels using a single steering actuator. Its successful implementation will allow for the development of a fourwheel steered power base with maximum maneuverability uncompromised static stability, front- and rear wheel tracking, and optimum obstacle climbing capability.

Examples

Examples

CONCLUSIONS
Thus, the four wheel steering system has got cornering capability, steering response, straight line stability, lane changing and low speed maneuverability. Even though it is advantageous over the convectional two wheel steering system, four wheel steering is a complex and expensive. Currently the cost of a vehicle with four wheel steering is more than that of the convectional two wheel steering of vehicle. Four wheel steering is growing in popularity and it is likely to come in more and more new vehicles. As the system become more common place, the cost of four wheel steering system will drop down.

Thanking you