Pre Test

Choose the letter of the your answer.

A. B. C. D. E. Provocative Psychotherapy Psychoimagination Therapy Psychodrama Strategic Therapy Twenty Four Hour Therapy F. G. H. I. Z Process Attachment Therapy Body Therapy Ego State Therapy Impasse/Priority Therapy J. Morita Psychotherapy K. Neurolinguistic Psychotherapy L. Primal Therapy

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

I use sarcasm, exaggerations, criticisms, insults, and other shock tactics to change the feeling, thinking, and behavior of clients. I believe that visualizing something generate overt behavioral changes.

I am made of variety of action techniques with assistance of others who also play roles.
I am an uncommonsense method of operating which has no concern for history, diagnoses, causation, etc. (a.k.a Systems Therapy and Brief Therapy) I require the therapist to have a complete control of a client 24 hours a day.

Pre Test
Choose the letter of the your answer.
A. B. C. D. E. Provocative Psychotherapy Psychoimagination Therapy Psychodrama Strategic Therapy Twenty Four Hour Therapy F. G. H. I. Z Process Attachment Therapy Body Therapy Ego State Therapy Impasse/Priority Therapy J. Morita Psychotherapy K. Neurolinguistic Psychotherapy L. Primal Therapy

6.

I was developed by Robert W. Zaslow. I am representing a real innovation in psychotherapy and may be one of the most important breakthroughs in the treatment of autistic children and adult schizophrenics. My two main routes are through cognition (verbal-symbolic therapies) and through body work. I a dependent on the concept of dissociation. The client who starts in my therapy will be entering a structured situation which has four parts.

7. 8. 9. 10.

The theory of my therapy is that people with emotional problems are exhausted and they need complete rest.

Pre Test
Choose the letter of the your answer.
A. B. C. D. E. Provocative Psychotherapy Psychoimagination Therapy Psychodrama Strategic Therapy Twenty Four Hour Therapy F. G. H. I. Z Process Attachment Therapy Body Therapy Ego State Therapy Impasse/Priority Therapy J. Morita Psychotherapy K. Neurolinguistic Psychotherapy L. Primal Therapy

11. I am based on cognitive behavioral theories of personality and studies of linguistics. 12. I have a number of basic theoretical assumptions, most of them generated by Arthur Janov.
Essay

13. ( 14. ( 15. (

Why are there so many therapies?

Innovative Psychotherapies
RAYMOND J. CORSINI
4

INTRODUCTION
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The Author

unusual, having a unique point of view or methodology.

Innovativ This term is used to eimply that the system is

The Handbook of innovative psychotherapies (Corsini, 1981) 66 innovative methods of

psychotherapy 250 innovative methods

for a new way of operating, tried it, found it good, and explored it more fully.
o o o o o o o o o o o o Creative Agression : George Bach Aqua Energetics : Paul Bindrim Rational Emotive Therapy : Albert Ellis Erhard Seminar Training : Werner Erhard Logotherapy : Viktor Frankl Focusing : Eugene Gendlin Decision Therapy : Harold Greenwald Functional Psychotherapy : Werner Karle Impasse/Priority Therapy : Nira Kefir Twenty-four Hour Therapy : Eugene Landy Multimodal Therapy : Arnold Lazarus Poetry Therapy : Arthur Lerner o o o o o o o o o o o

Why Are There So Many Therapist, dissatisfied with the method or technique or system that they had been operating with, got an idea Therapies?
Encouragement Therapy : Lew Losoncy Psychodrama : J. L. Moreno Integrity Therapy : O. H. Mower Natural High Therapy : Walter OConnell Rebirthing : Leonards Orr Primary Relationship Therapy : Robert Postel Person Centered Therapy : Carl Rogers Hollistic Education : Will Schutz Ego State Therapy : John & Helen Watkins Reciprocal Inhibition : Joseph Wolpe Z Process Attachment Therapy : Robert Zaslow
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Provocative Psychotherapy
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Prcis
This method uses a variety of procedures in an effort to change the thinking, feeling, and behavior of clients including: Exaggerations Criticisms Insults Other Shock Tactics This method of psychotherapy depends on HUMOR as the major therapeutic modality, attempting to make the client see the ridiculousness of his thinking and acting, so that, once the client sees stupidity of his thinking he will no longer be able to enjoy the nonsensical behavior of the past.
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Theor y1. People change in response to a

challenge.
2. They can change if they want to. 3. They have more potential for change than generally assumed. 4. Psychological fragility of clients is generally overrated. 5. All maladaptive attitudes and behavior can be drastically altered.

There are 10 ASSUMPTIONS relative to the Theory of Provocative Therapy.

6. Current experiences are as important as childhood ones. 7. A clients interaction with the therapist reveals his dynamics. 8. People are relatively easy to understand. 9. Judicious expressions of therapeutic hate & joyful sadism can be paradoxically beneficial. 10. Nonverbal messages are more important than verbal ones; how something is said is more important than what is said.

There are also 2 hypothesis:

1. If a client is provoked by a therapist, the client will move in a direction opposite to the therapists definition of the client 2. If a client is urged (humorously) to continue in self-defeating behavior, the client will instead engage in self and other enhancing behavior.
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 The use of confrontation The eschewing of professionalism The use of mordant humor with the interaction of getting down quickly to the heart of the problem The CLIENT is provoked by the THERAPIST: (a) to affirm self worth (b) to assert himself (c) to defend himself (d) to test reality in terms of the therapists challenges

Therap y

The intent is to HELP by MOBILIZING the CLIENTS DEFENSES through this SARCASM.

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 Provocative therapy depends strongly on the concept of reactance theory and on the theory of paradoxical intention.

Summar y

It is a procedure that apparently deviates from the usual friendly and accepting role expected of the therapist and attempts to deal directly and firmly with clients.

Provocative therapy reflects the influence of Albert Elliss Rational Emotive Therapy.

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Psycho imagination Therapy

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Many methods of psychotherapy employ visualization of images as the major method of personality change. These includes:
o o o o o Autogenic Training Cognitive Behavior Therapy Covert Conditioning Eidetic Psychotherapy Implosive Psychotherapy

Prcis

o o o o

Psycho Imagination Therapy Radix Neo Reichian Therapy Reciprocal Inhibition Relaxation Therapy

The various methods differ somewhat in their theories and procedures, but they have more commonalities than differences.
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Theor Methods are concerned with covert and overt behavior. (Thinking & Action) y
The two are considered equivalent states, balanced and interactive. (Changing one can affect the other one) The intent of the therapist to attempt to change overt behavior through changing covert behavior. This means attempting to get the person who is being treated to visualize something in direction believed to generate overt behavioral changes. Visualization can be: (a) Rehearsal (b) Retrospective Analysis (c) Covert Conditioning
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works. He now comes to a psychotherapist who uses PSYCHO IMAGINATION. The therapist might now ask the client to relax and to visualized.

Therap A client is grossly overweight yand has tried everything to reduce weight, but nothing

Still, another type of visualization is a kind of Counter Conditioning, getting the person to avoid certain behaviors.
hours. In the implosive technique, the therapist may continue such visualization for several
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Summar The use of IMAGINATION & VISUALIZATION may be considered the obverse of body therapy: y

a) By generating images which relate to successful behavior b) By attempting to condition the individual through associating either pleasant or unpleasant imaginings This general procedure of psycho imagination therapy can be quite effective in dealing with variety of behavioral changes.

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Psychodrama
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Prcis

Psychodrama consist of a variety of ACTION TECHNIQUES of the action fantasy type on which a person acts out a situation with the assistance of others who play roles also.

o Group volunteers o Psychodrama Stage

The Theory of Psychodrama is an attempt to get the person act in an interactive situation so that the person is simultaneously thinking, feeling, and acting in a spontaneous manner for the purpose of learning more about himself or herself either through self perception of personal behavior or through the comments and observations of others.

Theor y
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PROCEDURES:

Therap y
HERO

1. The therapist deals ordinarily with one person. 2. The therapist then gets that person to interact with a number of others who paly various roles in that persons Social Atom.

ASSISTANT

When the group insisted that the person who imitated the hero did so accurately, the hero then had an opportunity for insight about his/her behavior at that certain time and possibly in general.

Summar y

Psychodrama is essentially a technique, and such can be used by therapist of any persuasion. Its theory is quite limited. It is an extremely powerful technique, which only few people can hadle well.
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Strategic Therapy
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Prcis
STRATEGIC THERAPY is also known as: Systems Therapy Brief Therapy

SYSTEMS THERAPIST: does not care about origins of the problems generally operate in terms of paradoxical behaviors Uses advising exactly the opposite to a logical process.
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Theory
BASIC PRINCIPLES Of The Theory Of Systems Therapy:
1. Concern is with the interrelationship between the various individuals in a social system. 2. There is no concern with history or causation. Systems therapy is concerned with here-and-now and is ahistorical. 3. Maladjustment is seen as a dynamic process, maintained by the reinforcing behavior of people within the system to keep the maladjusted behavior from changing.

4. The treatment procedure generally has common-sense and paradoxical elements.

5. The treatment process generally involves careful examination of the whole system, determining a clearcut-goal and making specific suggestions with the entire therapy to take place within a relatively brief period, usually from 5-10 sessions.
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o REFRAIMING getting one or more of the people in the system to see the problem in a different way o PRESCRIPTION the second important element o TERMINATION takes place as soon as possible where there is evidence of a small but durable change and the patient believes that he or she can continue

Therap y
Patient = IDENTIFIED PATIENT the one with the evident problem - usually not the one that the system therapist works with

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Client: Things were going great. I was going to a lot of meetings. I felt life was getting better. I was getting along with my kids. Getting in touch with
the spiritual part of the problem. I don't know what happened. Therapist: What led you to go gambling?

Client: I guess I'd been gambling for a few months before I got high. I was bored. Therapist: What is the experience of gambling like? Client: I really feel alive. Therapist: When did you first use again? Client: I spent too much money on gambling, and my wife yelled at me the same way she used to when I got high on cocaine. I won a whole lot,
really. It wasn't fair. Therapist: What do you do when your wife gets angry at you for spending money? Client: I just say, "Yeah, you're right." And then I go away. Then she hassles me some more. There are times I blow up, but normally I just try to let it go by.

Therapist: Sounds like when you were gambling, you were excited. So I don't get it--what went wrong? Why did you need the cocaine, too? Is it

possible gambling wasn't enough? Client: I guess I just needed more of the high, you know. My wife and I were fighting more. The pressure was getting to me. I guess that's when I started on the cocaine. Therapist: How did that cocaine work for you?
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Client: I was excited. I felt really powerful. Therapist: What went wrong? What led you start using alcohol, too? Client: I got scared. I was up for 3 days. The alcohol helped me come down and sleep.

Therapist: Sounds scary to me. How did you get through that scared period? You tolerated it somehow for 3 days. Client: It was kind of a blank, mostly. I felt I had to fix it somehow. That's when I started drinking. Therapist: How did you know alcohol would work? Client: I've used it to bring me down before.
Therapist: I hear that you realized something needed to be done, and you knew you needed something to slow you down, and you took action. Therapist: So how is this a problem for you now? Client: Well, I lost my family, almost lost my business, and I'm facing another DUI.

Therapist: So where do you want to go now? Why are you here? Client: I want to get sober again. I went back to AA, but now I can't stay sober more than a day. Therapist: When you were determined to stay sober, you were successful. What's different about the way you're trying to do this now?
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Client: Well, now, I'll leave the meeting and go get high. Therapist: And how is that working for you? Client: It's not working! I just start feeling worse about myself. I've been through so much already. I really just need to stop. Therapist: It sounds to me like you have incredible inner strength. What keeps you going? Client: I don't want to die.

Therapist: It sounds like you have a very strong, competent side that wants the best for you and wants to live. Let's use that competent part of you to get
back on track and rebuild your life. What do you think? Client: I would like that. successful," where are you now?

Therapist: Let's begin by figuring out where you are now. On a scale of 1 to 10, on which "1" is the worst you could feel and "10" is "clean, sober, and Client: Well, now I feel like an "8," but I know it's temporary. When I go back home, I'll probably get back to a "2" right away. Therapist: That's good because slow change is more important than fast change. You really can't count on fast change to last. So if you did slip back to a
"2," what would it take to move you to a "3"? Client: I guess more of what I know works or what used to work, anyway. Going to meetings or calling my sponsor. That kind of thing.

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Therapist: Sounds good. You said now you go to AA meetings and get high afterward. What did you do afterwards when you didn't do that, when

you stayed sober? Client: Went home. Watched TV. Had fun with my wife; sometimes we made love. Now that she's not there, I really dread the evenings. They are so empty. I just go back and stare at the ceiling.

Therapist: So when you don't have things to do, you get antsy. Client: Yeah. I guess so. I get lonesome. Therapist: Are you bored now? Client: Sort of. Not really here all the way, you know what I mean? Sort of empty. Therapist: That's interesting. Despite the fact that you feel empty, you can still function. I think there is something internally powerful in you that
has not come out. For some reason, it has been suppressed. My guess is that the boredom comes when you suppress that side of you.

Client: You keep talking about this powerful side. I don't get it. I lost everything. Where's this great power I'm supposed to have?
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Therapist: I think it's right here--let's see if we can bring it out a bit. Tell me about a time when you felt tremendous pleasure and control, but you
were sober. Client: Well, I have to go pretty far back. When I was ten, though, I remember playing baseball and hitting this home run. I really hit that ball. was like and how difficult it was to get there. Client: Okay. Maybe I'll try that.

Therapist: Some time this week if you're willing to try something, and only if you're willing, try to bring back that experience. Take note of what it

Therapist: I'm sure there have been a number of things in your life that you've done right, otherwise you wouldn't have survived all of the difficulties
you've had. It would help if you could think about those successful or effective behaviors. Client: I can try. Therapist: Now that we've identified that you have all this strength inside of you--and you still do--how do we use it? Client: I guess if I could go to AA and stay sober when I get home, that would at least be a start.

Therapist: What do you think is going to happen at AA? Client: It's going to be good to sit there and know I'm not hiding.
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Summar Systems therapy is an uncommon sense method of operating y which has no concern for the history, diagnoses,

causation, etc., but sees maladjustments as a dynamic process in which the identified patient may be the victim of the thinking and acting of others, who in an attempt to improve things may actually be the cause.

PROCESS:

- Clarification of the dynamics of behavior - Locating someone who really wants to see the change - Giving that person a view of the new problem - Giving suggestions usually paradoxical in nature - Discontinuing the therapy as soon as it seems that the proper direction will continue
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Twenty Four Hour Therapy

32

Prcis
Under the direction of the therapist, a team of people maintains the surveillance over the patient, controlling his or her PHYSICAL, SOCIAL, FINANCIAL and even SEXUAL ENVIRONMENTS.

This particular method calls for the therapist to have a complete control for the client 24 hours a day.

The purpose of this highly radical procedure is to confront the patients with reality leading them to develop self-sufficiency and control over their lives.
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Theory
The central concept in the use of twenty four hour therapy is the notion of ADEQUACY. This is more psychological than actual, more personal than social.

This is:

Psychological > Actual Personal > Social

An important notion in twenty four hour therapy is the idea that people who may appear to some as inadequate may feel adequate while some quite adequate people may feel inadequate. And some, of course, are inadequate both from an external and internal point of view.
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Therap y
II. An individually designed program is orchestrated by the therapist which may last from as short as one week to one year. This program intends to achieve 8 stages.

I. Getting legal and moral control over the client. (approval for the use of 24 hour technique)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Initiation Discovery Inadequacy Pre-adequacy Self-adequacy Self-functioning Adequacy Termination

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Summar y 24 hour therapy is an extreme example of a paradoxical treatment: attempting to help a

person become adequate through taking complete charge of the person. - This therapy has all kinds of legal ethical implications. - It is indeed strong medicine and seems called for when all other methods either have not worked or cannot work for people who really have the potential for adequacy.

- This is a logical extension of reality therapy.

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Z - Process Attachment Therapy

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Prcis

Client comes into a room.

Eight people seated at two facing benches (four on a side)

Client is induced to lie down his or her back at the laps of the eight people Eight people now hold the client firmly by the arms, legs and the body.

The person at the top left is the therapist

The therapist wraps his left arm around the clients head

This bizarre procedure represents a real innovation in psychotherapy and may be one of the most important breakthroughs in the treatment of autistic children and adult schizophrenics.

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Theory
Zaslows theory can be visualized somewhat as follows: Imagine a triangle at the top corner representing psychological normality Lower left hand corner represents aggressiveness hostility anger Lower right hand corner represents apathy rejection escape - avoidance

Zaslows genius has been to combine both at the same time to show love and concern and to enrage the person.

The basic theory may be conceived as follows: The schizophrenics rejects everything and is firmly committed to a course of avoidance. Through this holding down procedure, rage is engendered, and in the course of rage, the person finally looks at the therapist in the eye with pure anger.
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Therap y
a novel theory and un unusual procedure.

Summar Z process therapy is something new yunder the sun, based on

This account is very skimpy and the reader is advised to read Zaslows own accounts of this interesting and potentiality valuable system of psychotherapy.
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Thank You!

God Bless.

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Post Test
1. 2. 3.
He was an encyclopedist and lexicographer in the field of psychology and the author of The Handbook Of Innovative Psychotherapies. This term is used to imply that the system is unusual, having a unique or idiosyncratic point of view or method. This includes some 66 innovative methods of psychotherapy and lists a total of 250 innovative methods.

4. To 15. Name 12 innovative psychotherapies

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